Intramammary treatment with gentamicin in lactating cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis

Martins, Thamires; Rosa, Adriana F.; Castelani, Lívia; Miranda, Manuel; Arcaro, Juliana Rodrigues Pozzi; Pozzi, Cláudia Rodrigues

doi:10.1590/s0100-736x2016000400006

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…S. aureus and coagulase (negative) Staphyloccoccus were both more than 90% resistant to neomycin. This could be attributed to the wide use of the aminoglycosides for the treatment of mastitis ( 39 ). A significant increasing resistance trend was also reported for S. aureus recovered from dairy cattle with suspected mastitis in the Animal Health Diagnostic Laboratory of Michigan in the United States ( 40 ) between 1994 and 2000.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Levels of Antibiotic Resistance in Isolates From Diseased Livestock

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Overuse of antimicrobials in livestock health and production beyond therapeutic needs has been highlighted in recent years as one of the major risk factors for the acceleration of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of bacteria in both humans and animals. While there is an abundance of reports on AMR in clinical isolates from humans, information regarding the patterns of resistance in clinical isolates from animals is scarce. Hence, a situational analysis of AMR based on clinical isolates from a veterinary diagnostic laboratory was performed to examine the extent and patterns of resistance demonstrated by isolates from diseased food animals. Between 2015 and 2017, 241 cases of diseased livestock were received. Clinical specimens from ruminants (cattle, goats and sheep), and non-ruminants (pigs and chicken) were received for culture and sensitivity testing. A total of 701 isolates were recovered from these specimens. From ruminants, Escherichia coli (n = 77, 19.3%) predominated, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (n = 73, 18.3%). Antibiotic sensitivity testing (AST) revealed that E. coli resistance was highest for penicillin, streptomycin, and neomycin (77–93%). In addition, S. aureus was highly resistant to neomycin, followed by streptomycin and ampicillin (68–82%). More than 67% of E. coli isolates were multi-drug resistant (MDR) and only 2.6% were susceptible to all the tested antibiotics. Similarly, 65.6% of S. aureus isolates were MDR and only 5.5% were susceptible to all tested antibiotics. From non-ruminants, a total of 301 isolates were recovered. Escherichia coli (n = 108, 35.9%) and Staphylococcus spp. (n = 27, 9%) were the most frequent isolates obtained. For E. coli, the highest resistance was against amoxicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and neomycin (95–100%). Staphylococcus spp. had a high level of resistance to streptomycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline and gentamicin (80–100%). The MDR levels of E. coli and Staphylococcus spp. isolates from non-ruminants were 72.2 and 74.1%, respectively. Significantly higher resistance level were observed among isolates from non-ruminants compared to ruminants for tetracycline, amoxicillin, enrofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Levels of Antibiotic Resistance in Isolates From Diseased Livestock

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Different types of antimicrobials are used to treat and control bovine mastitis for lactating or drying cows. The use of beta-lactams and aminoglycosides as important antimicrobials used in bovine mastitis therapies has been reported (Srednik et al 2017a;Martins et al 2016). Krewer et al (2015) emphasized that intramammary treatment is not always effective, and resistance to the beta-lactams group may occur as they are routinely used to treat intramammary infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic evaluation of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus spp. isolated from bovine clinical mastitis

Benites

Hora

Mello

et al. 2021

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bovine clinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus spp. is a serious and widespread disease in the world of dairy farming. Antimicrobial therapy is of fundamental importance in the prevention and treatment of infectious mastitis, but the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials acts as a determining factor for the spread of the disease. The present study evaluated the resistance profiles of 57 Staphylococcus spp. isolated from bovine clinical mastitis to beta-lactams and gentamicin, relating characteristics of phenotype (in vitro susceptibility tests) and genotype (detection and expression of genes encoding resistance - mecA, mecALGA251, blaZ, femA, femB, and aacA-aphD - using PCR and RT-PCR, respectively). One or more genes coding for resistance to different antimicrobials were detected in 50 Staphylococcus spp. isolates. The femA and femB genes were the most frequent (75.4% for both). The observed expression of the genes was as follows: blaZ (60%), femA (39.5%), aacA-aphD (50%), femB (32.6%), mecA (8.3%), and mecALGA251 (0%). Considering the relevance of the genus Staphylococcus to bovine mastitis, this study aimed to elucidate aspects regarding the genotypic and phenotypic profiles of these microorganisms so as to contribute to the development of effective strategies for mastitis control.

show abstract

“…Dairy cows are highly susceptible to mastitis, mainly during the dry-off period (Frola et al, 2012) when antibiotics are currently administered to eliminate subclinical cases and to prevent the establishment of new intramammary infections (Bogni et al, 2011). Antibiotics for prophylactic treatment are being subjected to considerable discussion because of the perceived connection with the emergence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria (Dalton, 2006;Martins 2014). In order to reduce antibiotic residues in dairy products, and in agreement with global requirements to limit their use in dairy cattle, research has been focused on enhancing cows' natural defence mechanisms through the development of innovative methods for the treatment and prevention of bovine mastitis (Bogni et al, 2011;Pellegrino et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine mastitis prevention: humoral and cellular response of dairy cows inoculated with lactic acid bacteria at the dry-off period

Pellegrino

Berardo

Giraudo

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in animal feed, constitute an alternative tool for bovine mastitis prevention. Previously, two LAB strains were isolated from bovine milk and selected for their probiotics properties. So far, immune response of inoculating LAB in bovine udders at dry-off period has not been investigated. The immunoglobulin isotype levels and memory cell proliferation in blood and milk of animals inoculated with Lactobacillus lactis subsp. lactis CRL1655 and Lactobacillus perolens CRL1724 at dry-off period was studied. Ten animals were inoculated intramammarily with 10 cells of each LAB (IG) and 2 animals used as control (NIG). Milk and blood samples were taken before inoculation and 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 h and 7 and 14 days after inoculation. Somatic cell count (SCC) in milk, the presence of bovine mastitis pathogens, the levels of antibodies and lymphocyte proliferation were determined. In the IG, the SCC was <250,000 cells/ml up to 4 h after intramammary inoculation. Six and 12 h after inoculation, the SCC increased up to 600,000 and 2,000,000 cells/ml, respectively. In the NIG, the SCC reached the maximum value 7 days after inoculation. Microbiological analysis showed that all samples were negative for major bovine mastitis pathogens after 24-48 h of incubation. In general, LAB inoculation increased the amount of IgG isotypes in blood and milk, and these antibodies were able to recognise Staphylococcus aureus epitopes. Lymphocytes proliferation was significantly higher in the IG at all time points assayed, following LAB or S. aureus stimulation. The lymphocytes of animals inoculated with LAB do not react in vitro to the presence of S. aureus antigen.. The results showed that probiotic microorganisms could be a natural and effective alternative in the prevention of bovine mastitis at dry-off period and act as immunomodulatory stimulating local and systemic defence lines.

show abstract

Intramammary treatment with gentamicin in lactating cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

High Levels of Antibiotic Resistance in Isolates From Diseased Livestock

High Levels of Antibiotic Resistance in Isolates From Diseased Livestock

Genotypic evaluation of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus spp. isolated from bovine clinical mastitis

Bovine mastitis prevention: humoral and cellular response of dairy cows inoculated with lactic acid bacteria at the dry-off period

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About