1994
DOI: 10.1080/1057356940100307
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Intraindividual Differences in Levels of Written Language

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Cited by 36 publications
(30 citation statements)
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“…In three other studies, intraindividual differences in levels of written language affected the text-generation process, which can be further subdivided into processes at the word, sentence, and text (paragraph and discourse) levels. In three different intermediate grade samples, an individual's word skill did not predict the individual's sentence or text skills; and an individual's sentence skills did not predict the individual's text skills (Berninger, Mizokawa, Bragg, Cartwright, and Yates, 1994b;Whitaker, Berninger, Johnston, and Swanson, 1994). In yet another study, one level of language explained only 4-26% of the variance in another level of language when the writing of undergraduates was assessed at the word, sentence, and paragraph levels (Benton and Kiewra, 1986, see Table 2).…”
Section: Modification Of Hayes and Flower Model Of Skilled Adult Writmentioning
confidence: 75%
“…In three other studies, intraindividual differences in levels of written language affected the text-generation process, which can be further subdivided into processes at the word, sentence, and text (paragraph and discourse) levels. In three different intermediate grade samples, an individual's word skill did not predict the individual's sentence or text skills; and an individual's sentence skills did not predict the individual's text skills (Berninger, Mizokawa, Bragg, Cartwright, and Yates, 1994b;Whitaker, Berninger, Johnston, and Swanson, 1994). In yet another study, one level of language explained only 4-26% of the variance in another level of language when the writing of undergraduates was assessed at the word, sentence, and paragraph levels (Benton and Kiewra, 1986, see Table 2).…”
Section: Modification Of Hayes and Flower Model Of Skilled Adult Writmentioning
confidence: 75%
“…Second, studies on writing in elementary school children have shown that young writers must first develop a solid foundation in lower-order transcription skills (i.e., handwriting, spelling, and punctuation) before they can divert resources to the higher-level processes of planning and revising (e.g., Berninger, 2000; Berninger, Mizokawa, Bragg, Cartwright, & Yates, 1994; Graham, 1997). That is, elementary school children who struggle with handwriting, spelling, or punctuation have less cognitive resources to devote to composition (McCutchen, 1988).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cross-sectional research has shown that developing writers exhibit intra-individual differences in their relative abilities for writing at the word (spelling and vocabulary), sentence, and text levels (Berninger, Mizokawa, Bragg, Cartwright, & Yates, 1994; Whitaker, Berninger, Johnston, & Swanson, 1994) and use a variety of different text level structures in composing that change across development (Berninger, Fuller, & Whitaker, 1996; Fuller, 1995). However, relatively little research has examined the relationships among strategies used to compose the very next sentence (Level 1 translation) and to compose the evolving overall discourse structure (Level II translation).…”
Section: Theoretical Framework For Writing Assessment-instruction mentioning
confidence: 99%