“…In three other studies, intraindividual differences in levels of written language affected the text-generation process, which can be further subdivided into processes at the word, sentence, and text (paragraph and discourse) levels. In three different intermediate grade samples, an individual's word skill did not predict the individual's sentence or text skills; and an individual's sentence skills did not predict the individual's text skills (Berninger, Mizokawa, Bragg, Cartwright, and Yates, 1994b;Whitaker, Berninger, Johnston, and Swanson, 1994). In yet another study, one level of language explained only 4-26% of the variance in another level of language when the writing of undergraduates was assessed at the word, sentence, and paragraph levels (Benton and Kiewra, 1986, see Table 2).…”