Intrafamilial Transmission of Adult T Cell Leukemia Virus

Abstract

In an investigation of the mode of transmission of adult T cell leukemia virus (ATLV) in family settings, 275 male and 444 female subjects positive for antibody to ATLV-associated antigen (anti-ATLA) were studied. Their children were surveyed for anti-ATLA status. None of the 82 children of a positive father and a negative mother were positive for anti-ATLA. In contrast, the antibody prevalence among children with a positive mother and a positive or negative father was 27.9% and 19.9%, respectively. Of 39 parents who had one or more anti-ATLA-positive children less than 20 years old, 56.3% of the fathers and 97.1% of the mothers were anti-ATLA positive. Algorithm computation showed the possibility of ATLV transmission from husband to wife to be 60.8% and from wife to husband to be 0.4% over a 10-year period. These data suggest that ATLV is transmitted from mother to child and from husband to wife in family settings.

Lesões dermatológicas em pacientes infectados pelo vírus linfotrópico humano de células T do tipo 1 (HTLV-1)

“…A sua transmissão ocorre predominantemente por via vertical, com destaque para a amamentação 41 . Outras formas de transmissão são a transfusão de sangue e de hemoderivados contaminados com o vírus, a relação sexual (sobretudo do homem para a mulher) e o uso de drogas injetáveis 16 65 .…”

Risk Factors for Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type I among Injecting Drug Users in Northeast Brazil: Possibly Greater Efficiency of Male to Female Transmission

“…It has been hypothesized that HTLV is transmitted more efficiently from males to females during sexual intercouse which would in part explain the observed excess of prevalence among women relative to men. In Japan, a study on HTLV infection among couples, estimated a transmission efficiency of 60.8% from males to females compared to 0.3% from females to males (Kajiyama et al 1986). …”

Declínio da prevalência do HTLV-1/2 em doadores de sangue do Hemocentro Regional da Cidade de Uberaba, Estado de Minas Gerais, 1995 a 2008

“…(visto que a infecção pelo HTLV-I estaria em declínio); soroconversão tardia (status soronegativo no início da infecção) e ainda, a fatores hormonais, já que um estudo no Japão mostrou maior transmissão do HTLV-1, no período pós-menopausa e em idade mais avançada 1,28 .…”

“…Uma possível explicação seria a maior chance de transmissão sexual homem-mulher. Trabalhos realizados mostram chances de transmissão de 60% de homem para mulher e menos de 1% de mulher para homem, em casais em que um dos parceiros é soropositivo 1,4,28 .…”