Intracranial Germinoma

Reddy, Manoj; Saad, Amin F.; Doughty, Kyle E.; Armstrong, Danielle; Melguizo‐Gavilanes, Isaac; Cheek, Brennen S.; Opatowsky, Michael J.

doi:10.1080/08998280.2015.11929183

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The suprasellar mass affects the pituitary functions as our patient presented with panhypopituitarism. Another characteristic finding is the presence of central diabetes insipidus present in our patient as well [ 2 ]. Delayed diagnosis and treatment can further lead to obstructive hydrocephalous or spread to surrounding structures [ 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…They account for 3%-5% of all intracranial tumors but its prevalence varies. In Europe it is 0.1%-2.4% while in Japan and East Asia it varies between 2.1% and 9.5% [ 1 - 2 ]. These GCTs have a predilection for midline structures and commonly affect the pineal gland and suprasellar region in 50%-65% and 25%-35% of cases respectively [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Case Report Emphasizing the Importance of Early Diagnosis and Management of Intracranial Germinoma

Ram

Batool

Mushtaq

2020

Cureus

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Intracranial germ cell tumors (GCTs) account for 3%-5% of all intracranial tumors. They commonly manifest during first two decades of life. We are reporting a case of a young female, who presented with progressive visual loss, polyuria and polydipsia, harboring an intracranial GCT. She presented initially to a neurosurgery clinic and then to an endocrine clinic, with a history of chronic worsening headache and recent onset visual blurring along with polyuria with polydipsia. On further inquiry, she was found to have primary amenorrhea, easy fatigability, and failure of development of secondary sexual characteristics. On examination the patient had bitemporal hemianopia with breast development at tanner stage II and pubic and axillary hair at tanner stage I. Her initial hormonal workup was suggestive of panhypopituitarism with diabetes insipidus. MRI pituitary showed a sellar mass with suprasellar extension, so an initial impression of a pituitary macroadenoma was made and the patient underwent trans-sphenoidal surgery. The histopathology was suggestive of lymphoid hyperplasia. Follow up MRI showed significant residual tumor and her vision and pituitary function did not recover. Neurosurgery was planned as second surgery, but we requested a second opinion of histopathology report and it was suggestive of a germinoma. She was then started on chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy, after which her tumor size reduced significantly, though she still required pituitary hormone replacement therapy. Pituitary stalk lesions are rare and their diagnosis is challenging as different etiologies present clinically and radiologically in a similar manner with tissue diagnosis being the gold standard. Germinoma is a radiosensitive tumor. In our patient it took a long time to reach the correct diagnosis and late diagnosis resulted in permanent visual field defect and panhypopituitarism. This case report emphasizes that we should guide and educate our patients to seek medical advice early in the course of disease. We should also keep differential diagnosis in mind before referring the patient for surgery.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Report Emphasizing the Importance of Early Diagnosis and Management of Intracranial Germinoma

Ram

Batool

Mushtaq

2020

Cureus

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“…Peak incidence is during the second decade of life, with a median age at diagnosis of 10-12 years [2]. There is a male prevalence of 1.8:1 in patients with intracranial germinomas and 3:1 in non-germinomatous GCTs (NGGCTs) [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In North America and Europe, they account for 0.4-3.4% of all pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors, whereas Japan and other Asian countries report that CNS GCTs account for up to 11% of all pediatric brain tumors [ 1 ]. Peak incidence is during the second decade of life, with a median age at diagnosis of 10-12 years [ 2 ]. There is a male prevalence of 1.8:1 in patients with intracranial germinomas and 3:1 in non-germinomatous GCTs (NGGCTs) [ 1 - 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pineal Dysgerminoma: A Misleading Clinical Course With Potential Life-Threatening Consequences

Torres

Salvador

Mora

et al. 2020

Cureus

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“…The diagnosis is based on imagistic, morphologic and biochemical criteria. From the imagistic perspective, the most useful investigation is the MRI, which provides useful information regarding the localization of the tumor, the dimensions, shape and any other vicinity structures that might be affected (Reddy et al, 2015). The diagnostic dilemma in the case of a germinoma is whether to perform a biopsy or not.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poisonings with heavy metals and neoplasms - possible correlations

Bubulac¹,

D²,

Purcărea³

2019

J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Sci.

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As a side effect of industrialization, some diseases have developed only recently, becoming a challenge for the medical specialists both in research and medical treatment fields. Among these, the poisoning with heavy metals occupies a certain category that must retain attention, due to since the effects of this kind of poisoning are very serious effects if these injuries poisonings are not properly recognized and treated. Most common heavy metals that are involved in poisonings are Mercury, Cadmium, Lead and Arsenic. They are capable of inducing a wide range of pathologies, including neoplasms with cerebral localization. In order to illustrate the link between the poisonings with heavy metals and neoplasms, we present a case of a 19 years old patient, who was diagnosed both with germinoma, which is a malignant tumor of the median brain structures, and mercury poisoning. Since germinoma and mercury poisoning are rare conditions, it is very hard to obtain enough data for a statistically significant study. However, the case study which encompasses the poisoning with heavy metals and germinoma supports the idea of performing proper screenings in the event of individuals being diagnosed with mercury poisoning, especially when they can turn out to be potentially treatable.

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Intracranial Germinoma

Abstract: Pineal region tumors make up less than 1% of all intracranial neoplasms, with the majority being of germ cell origin. We describe the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of a patient presenting with neurological deficits who was found to have a germinoma of the pineal gland.

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

A Case Report Emphasizing the Importance of Early Diagnosis and Management of Intracranial Germinoma

A Case Report Emphasizing the Importance of Early Diagnosis and Management of Intracranial Germinoma

Pineal Dysgerminoma: A Misleading Clinical Course With Potential Life-Threatening Consequences

Poisonings with heavy metals and neoplasms - possible correlations

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