Intracellular volume and apparent diffusion constants of perfused cancer cell cultures, as measured by NMR

Pilatus, Ulrich; Shim, Hyunsuk; Artemov, Dmitri; Davis, Delphine; Zijl, Peter C.M. van; Glickson, Jerry D.

doi:10.1002/mrm.1910370605

Cited by 105 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Furthermore, the spectroscopic data suggest that T 2 causes the dominant weighting of the equilibrium volume fractions determined by diffusion tensor NMR, at least for moderately short diffusion times and for fixed tissue samples. The possible effects of compartmental exchange (9,15,36) and diffusive diffraction (7,37) appear to be minor in comparison.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Visualization of neural tissue water compartments using biexponential diffusion tensor MRI

Inglis

Bossart

Buckley

et al. 2001

Magnetic Resonance in Med

119

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The apparent diffusion tensor (ADT) imaging method was extended to account for multiple diffusion components. A biexponential ADT imaging experiment was used to obtain separate images of rapidly and slowly diffusing water fractions in excised rat spinal cord. The fast and slow component tensors were compared and found to exhibit similar gross features, such as fractional anisotropy, in both white and gray matter. However, there were also some important differences, which are consistent with the different structures occupying intracellular and extracellular spaces. Evidence supporting the assignment of the two tensor components to extracellular and intracellular water fractions is provided by an NMR spectroscopic investigation of homogeneous samples of brain tissue. An underlying assumption for the apparent diffusion tensor (ADT) imaging method, as implemented to date, is that tissue water can be represented by a single diffusing component within each image pixel. The ADT method of Basser et al. (1,2) is an extension of the monoexponential isotropic diffusion model of Stejskal and Tanner (3), which takes into account diffusion anisotropy. NMR imaging and spectroscopic studies have shown, however, that at high diffusion weighting (b Ͼ 1500 s/mm 2 ) cells and tissues exhibit signal decay that is not monoexponential and may reflect the extracellular and intracellular water compartments (4 -12). The consequences of multiexponentiality on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and ADT imaging have been recognized (8), but separate images of distinct water compartments have not been reported.In this work the ADT formalism of Basser et al.(1,2) is extended to account specifically for biexponential diffusion (13). For monoexponential diffusion, a series of diffusion-weighted images may be used to compute a singlerate ADT image by fitting to:where b is the diffusion weighting factor, S is the b-dependent signal intensity, S 0 is the (T 2 -weighted) signal intensity in the absence of diffusion-weighting gradients, b ij is the matrix of diffusion-weighting terms (14), D ij is the i,j th element of the ADT, and i,j ϭ x,y,z. For a two-compartment model under the assumption of slow exchange (i.e., minimal water exchanges compartments between excitation and signal reception), Eq.[1] may be expanded to a linear combination of observable signal components (15):where S 0f and S 0s are the (T 2 -weighted) signal intensities in the absence of diffusion weighting gradients and the subscripts f and s denote fast and slow components of diffusion, respectively. The suitability of a biexponential ADT analysis was first tested using ADT spectroscopy on homogeneous samples of nervous tissue. Spectroscopic experiments simplified data acquisition and facilitated direct comparisons of volume fractions determined by biexponential ADT and biexponential T 2 methods. Similar compartments have also been observed using multiexponential analyses of T 2 (16 -18). Next, biexponential ADT imaging was applied to a sample of fixed normal rat spinal cord. T...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Visualization of neural tissue water compartments using biexponential diffusion tensor MRI

Inglis

Bossart

Buckley

et al. 2001

Magnetic Resonance in Med

119

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“…This is consistent with observations in many different biological samples (see, for example, Refs. [9,24,51,52]), which were measured in an extended b range and where multiexponential curves were fitted with two or three components. The multiexponential analysis in our study, resulting in at least four discrete components (DISCRETE, SplMod) or Fig.…”

Section: Multiexponential Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Water diffusion in rat brain in vivo as detected at very large b values is multicompartmental

Pfeuffer

1999

Magnetic Resonance Materials in Biology, Physics, and Medicine

109

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The diffusion-weighted signal attenuation of water in rat brain was measured with pulsed-field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance methods in a single voxel under in vivo and global ischemic conditions. The diffusion-attenuated water signal was observed in vivo at b values of 300 ms/mm 2 (strength of diffusion weighting) and diffusion times up to 400 ms. A series of constant diffusion time (CT) experiments with varied gradient directions and diffusion times revealed a multiexponential decay with apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) covering two orders of magnitude from 1 to 0.01 mm 2 /ms. In a four-exponential fit, the observed changes during global ischemia could be fully explained by changes in the relative volume fractions only with unchanged ADCs. An anisotropy of the ADC, detected at small b values, was not observed for the ADC at large b values, but for the concomitant volume fractions. An inverse Laplace Transform of the CT curves, performed with CONTIN, resulted in continuously distributed diffusion coefficients, for which the term 'diffusogram' is proposed. This approach was more appropriate than a discrete exponential model with four to six components, being related to the morphology of brain tissue and its cell size distribution. On the basis of an analytical, quantitative model, it is suggested that the measured ADC at small b values reflects mainly properties of the restricting boundaries, i.e. the relative volume fractions and the extracellular tortuosity, while the intrinsic intracellular diffusion constant and the exchange time are predicted to have minor influence.

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“…[15][16][17] It has been shown in vitro that the magnitude of diffusion in intracellular water molecules is an order smaller than that in the extracellular space. 20,21 The water diffusion in biologic tissues can be described in terms of 2 main components: water molecules of low mobility with slow diffusion (either bound to macromolecules or confined within the cell membrane) and of high mobility with high diffusion (mostly extracellular). 22,23 The acquisition of DWI up to b ϭ 4000 s/mm 2 amplifies the sensitivity of DWI to assess water diffusion properties and enables the separation of signals arising from the intracellular and extracellular water molecules.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…22,23 The acquisition of DWI up to b ϭ 4000 s/mm 2 amplifies the sensitivity of DWI to assess water diffusion properties and enables the separation of signals arising from the intracellular and extracellular water molecules. 20,21 Hence, DWI should be sensitive to several physiologic and morphologic characteristics of the tissues, which are associated with the diffusion of the low and high mobility of water molecules. Two water compartments separated with different diffusion coefficients (ie, extracellular water for the compartment with high ADC) have been explained on the basis of the biexponential fit model for water signal-intensity decay with different b-values.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two water compartments separated with different diffusion coefficients (ie, extracellular water for the compartment with high ADC) have been explained on the basis of the biexponential fit model for water signal-intensity decay with different b-values. [20][21][22] This biexponential diffusion property of water has been used in functional task-activation assessments. 24 The purpose of this study was to investigate which b-valueϪ derived ADC correlates better with VCD.…”

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confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Apparent Diffusion Coefficient with Higher b-Value Correlates Better with Viable Cell Count Quantified from the Cavity of Brain Abscess

Tomar¹,

Yadav²,

Rathore

et al. 2011

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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Intracellular volume and apparent diffusion constants of perfused cancer cell cultures, as measured by NMR

Cited by 105 publications

References 22 publications

Visualization of neural tissue water compartments using biexponential diffusion tensor MRI

Visualization of neural tissue water compartments using biexponential diffusion tensor MRI

Water diffusion in rat brain in vivo as detected at very large b values is multicompartmental

Apparent Diffusion Coefficient with Higher b-Value Correlates Better with Viable Cell Count Quantified from the Cavity of Brain Abscess

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