Intracellular pH is a tightly controlled signal in yeast

Orij, Rick; Brul, Stanley; Smits, Gertien J.

doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2011.03.011

Cited by 200 publications

(243 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…Thus, the POA-induced alkalinisation of culture medium by yeast cells is not essential for the ability of POA to trigger liponecrosis. Our unpublished data validate this conclusion; as we found, a hypomorphic allele of the gene encoding the PM ATPase Pma1p, 19 a single-gene-deletion mutation eliminating the PM Na 20 and a single-gene-deletion mutation removing the PM K C transporter Trk1p 21 exhibit considerable differential effects on the extent of culture medium alkalinisation by cells exposed to POA but do not alter the susceptibility of yeast to POA-induced liponecrosis (Feldman et al, in preparation).…”

supporting

confidence: 71%

Mechanism of liponecrosis, a distinct mode of programmed cell death

Richard¹,

Beach²,

Piano³

et al. 2014

Cell Cycle

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supporting

confidence: 71%

Mechanism of liponecrosis, a distinct mode of programmed cell death

Richard¹,

Beach²,

Piano³

et al. 2014

Cell Cycle

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“…The intracellular pH of yeasts was reported to be around 7 when growing on glucose in laboratory studies and to remain stable between extracellular pH values from 3.0 to 7.5 (Orij et al 2009). At lower external pH values, protons can be efficiently exported out of the cytoplasm, either to the exterior of the cell or into the vacuole, involving different ATPases (Carmelo et al 1997;Diakov and Kane 2010;Orij et al 2011). In contrast, alkaline external pH values exacerbate the establishment of a functional plasma membrane proton gradient and consequently the uptake of nutrients (Orij et al 2011).…”

Section: Yeast Community At Helgoland Roadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At lower external pH values, protons can be efficiently exported out of the cytoplasm, either to the exterior of the cell or into the vacuole, involving different ATPases (Carmelo et al 1997;Diakov and Kane 2010;Orij et al 2011). In contrast, alkaline external pH values exacerbate the establishment of a functional plasma membrane proton gradient and consequently the uptake of nutrients (Orij et al 2011). Thus, a moderate reduction in seawater pH partially relieves the pH stress yeasts encounter in the marine environment.…”

Section: Yeast Community At Helgoland Roadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on the effects of near-future ocean acidification on marine yeasts: a microcosm approach

et al. 2013

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Marine yeasts play an important role in biodegradation and nutrient cycling and are often associated with marine flora and fauna. They show maximum growth at pH levels lower than present-day seawater pH. Thus, contrary to many other marine organisms, they may actually profit from ocean acidification. Hence, we conducted a microcosm study, incubating natural seawater from the North Sea at present-day pH (8.10) and two near-future pH levels (7.81 and 7.67). Yeasts were isolated from the initial seawater sample and after 2 and 4 weeks of incubation. Isolates were classified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and representative isolates were identified by partial sequencing of the large subunit rRNA gene. From the initial seawater sample, we predominantly isolated a yeast-like filamentous fungus related to Aureobasidium pullulans, Cryptococcus sp., Candida sake, and various cold-adapted yeasts. After incubation, we found more different yeast species at near-future pH levels than at present-day pH. Yeasts reacting to low pH were related to Leucosporidium scottii, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Cryptococcus sp., and Debaryomyces hansenii. Our results suggest that these yeasts will benefit from seawater pH reductions and give a first indication that the importance of yeasts will increase in a more acidic ocean.

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“…Precisely, the supramolecular nature of the MRC and the diffusion limitation of protons there (see Orij et al, 2011 and references therein) argues that such contributions are likely.…”

Section: Yeast Respiratory Chain Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic regulation of mitochondrial respiratory chain efficiency in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

et al. 2011

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To adapt to changes in the environment, cells have to dynamically alter their phenotype in response to, for instance, temperature and oxygen availability. Interestingly, mitochondrial function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is inherently temperature sensitive; above 37 6C, yeast cells cannot grow on respiratory carbon sources. To investigate this phenomenon, we studied the effect of cultivation temperature on the efficiency (production of ATP per atom of oxygen consumed, or P/O) of the yeast respiratory chain in glucose-limited chemostats. We determined that even though the specific oxygen consumption rate did not change with temperature, oxygen consumption no longer contributed to mitochondrial ATP generation at temperatures higher than 37 6C. Remarkably, between 30 and 37 6C, we observed a linear increase in respiratory efficiency with growth temperature, up to a P/O of 1.4, close to the theoretical maximum that can be reached in vivo. The temperature-dependent increase in efficiency required the presence of the mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase GUT2. Respiratory chain efficiency was also altered in response to changes in oxygen availibility. Our data show that, even in the absence of alternative oxidases or uncoupling proteins, yeast has retained the ability to dynamically regulate the efficiency of coupling of oxygen consumption to proton translocation in the respiratory chain in response to changes in the environment. INTRODUCTIONUnicellular organisms have to cope with environmental changes in order to maintain homeostasis and to survive. The changes may perturb cellular functions, such as metabolic fluxes, cellular structures, chemical gradients etc., and can thus result in reduced growth or even cell death. Microbes such as yeasts can rapidly adapt to challenging conditions by altering their genetic expression profile or tuning the activity of key enzymes to function in the variety of environments these organisms encounter (Bouwman et al., 2011;Gasch & Werner-Washburne, 2002;Postmus et al., 2008;Smits & Brul, 2005;Strassburg et al., 2010). Adaptive responses put a significant additional energetic burden on the cells, since the gene expression cascade requires a substantial expenditure of energy (Tempest & Neijssel, 1984;Verduyn, 1991;Warner, 1999). The fraction of the energy generated in catabolism that is used in processes other than biomass production is the so-called maintenance energy (Pirt, 1965). Increases in maintenance energy may be caused by, for instance, increases in maintenance of membrane gradients, turnover of (damaged) cell components or energetically suboptimal biosynthetic pathways (Molenaar et al., 2009;Tempest & Neijssel, 1984).Baker's yeast has multiple strategies for energy generation. Carbohydrates are dissimilated into pyruvate, a key branching point in carbohydrate metabolism (Pronk et al., 1996). During fermentative metabolism, pyruvate is converted into acetaldehyde and subsequently reduced to ethanol or oxidized to acetate. In respiratory metabolism, pyruvate is conv...

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Intracellular pH is a tightly controlled signal in yeast

Cited by 200 publications

References 164 publications

Mechanism of liponecrosis, a distinct mode of programmed cell death

Mechanism of liponecrosis, a distinct mode of programmed cell death

Study on the effects of near-future ocean acidification on marine yeasts: a microcosm approach

Dynamic regulation of mitochondrial respiratory chain efficiency in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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