Intraarticular Ganglion Between the Cruciate Ligaments of the Knee

Kaatee, R.; Kjartansson, Ólafur; Brekkan, A

doi:10.1080/02841859409174331

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In 1924, Caan [ 3 ] first described the anterior cruciate ligament ganglion during a routine dissection. Currently, two theories relating to the pathogenesis of ganglion cysts exist, although the true cause is still unknown [ 4 - 6 ]. The first theory attributes the presence of ganglion cysts to being a product of mucinous degeneration of the connective tissue [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first theory attributes the presence of ganglion cysts to being a product of mucinous degeneration of the connective tissue [ 6 , 7 ]. The second theory considers it a cause of herniation of synovial tissue through a defect in the joint capsule or tendon sheath, similar to those of wrist joint origin [ 4 , 8 ]. For both theories, the relationship to previous trauma is uncertain and has not been documented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These cysts are often associated with mucoid degeneration of cruciate ligament with degenerative cysts at its attachment. Kaatee et al [ 4 ] described how long-standing pressure of a ganglion cyst against an adjacent hard surface may produce an indentation through gradual erosion of the bone, creating an intraosseous ganglion. The high incidence of intraosseous ganglia in patients with either mucoid degeneration of the cruciate ligament or intrasubstance cruciate ligament ganglia suggests that these two entities may share a similar pathogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intercondylar Ganglion Cyst with Mucoid Degeneration of Posterior Cruciate Ligament of Knee: Report of A Rare Case and Review of Literature

Ahluwalia¹,

DayanandaSagar²,

Narayan³

et al. 2014

Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports

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Introduction:Mucoid degeneration and Ganglion cysts arising from the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) of the knee are rare. The aetiology, clinical features and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of PCL mucoid degeneration and intercondylar ganglion cyst are discussed.Case Report:We present a 36 year-old male patient who presented with chronic right knee pain for the duration of 5-6 months. No evidence of ligament instability on clinical examination was found. A diagnosis of PCL mucoid degeneration and intercondylar ganglion cyst was made on MRI.Conclusion:Mucoid degeneration and ganglion cyst involving PCL are uncommon lesions and represents the spectrum of same pathology. MR imaging is sensitive, specific, accurate and noninvasive, while providing multiplanar imaging and superior identification of the anatomical and morphological relationship of the synovial tissue to the surrounding structures, an additional intra-articular lesions can also be detected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intercondylar Ganglion Cyst with Mucoid Degeneration of Posterior Cruciate Ligament of Knee: Report of A Rare Case and Review of Literature

Ahluwalia¹,

DayanandaSagar²,

Narayan³

et al. 2014

Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports

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“…In these cases there is usually no preceding major trauma [ 8 , 7 , 10 , 12 ] or instability of the joint [ 5 , 16 , 17 , 12 , 13 ]. Common MRI findings are high signal on T2-weighted MRI images thickening the ACL with a 'celery-stalk' appearance [ 16 , 11 , 6 , 17 , 12 , 21 ], erosion of cortical bone [ 22 , 11 , 10 ] and intraosseous cyst formation [ 5 , 10 ]. Arthroscopically ligament fibres are interspersed with a yellow-brown substance and the ACL displaces anteriorly and posteriorly [ 3 , 11 , 12 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: intra-tendinous ganglion of the anterior cruciate ligament in a young footballer

Rolf

Watson

2006

J Orthop Surg Res

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A 20-year-old male medical student and keen rugby player presented with a 12-month history of progressively worsening right knee pain and stiffness with no history of trauma. Clinical examination revealed effusion and posterior knee pain exacerbated by end range movement and an extension lag of 15 degrees. Physiotherapy to improve the range of motion proved unsuccessful. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that the ACL was grossly thickened and displaced by material reported as mucoid in nature. There were also areas of focally high signal in relation to its tibial attachment and intra osseous small cysts. Arthroscopic examination revealed a ganglion related to the tibial attachment of the ACL and gross thickening and discoloration of the ACL. Biopsies were taken showing foci of mucoid degeneration in the ACL. A large intra-ACL mass of brownish coloured tissue was excised arthroscopically. Already at 2 weeks follow up the patient had greatly improved range of movement and was pain free. However, upon returning to rugby, joint instability was noticed and a tear of the ACL was confirmed.This rare clinical condition can be diagnosed with MRI and arthroscopic debridement effectively relieves symptoms. This case report illustrates that augmentation or reconstruction may end up being the definitive treatment for athletes. It may also offer some support to the argument that mucoid degeneration and ganglion cyst formation share a similar pathogenesis to intra-osseous cyst formation.

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“…Theories proposed include post traumatic mucinous degeneration of connective tissue mediated by the local release of hyaluronic acid, displacement of synovial tissue during embryogenesis, and herniation of synovium into a defect of the surrounding tissue. The mean age of patients with discrete ACL ganglion has been quoted as 39 years old (age range of 19-60) [ 13 ], although isolated cases in children ages two years old [ 13 - 14 ], nine years old [ 15 ], and 12 years old [ 16 ] have been reported in the literature. Male preponderance has been reported [ 17 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Ganglion Cyst and Mucoid Degeneration: A Review

Vaishya

Issa

Agarwal

et al. 2017

Cureus

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Mucoid degeneration and ganglion cyst are two distinct non-traumatic lesions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) that most commonly occur discretely but occasionally coexist. They are relatively uncommon, and their exact aetiopathogenesis is still not clear. ACL ganglion cyst occurs more frequently among relatively younger patients compared to mucoid degeneration. They could be asymptomatic and discovered incidentally while evaluating the knee for other pathologies. Symptomatic cases of the two conditions present with nonspecific chronic pain, painful limitation of terminal flexion and extension, and mechanical block (among other symptoms), similar to that of other internal derangement pathologies of the knee. Magnetic resonance imaging is the investigation of choice, and diagnostic criteria are defined. Arthroscopic management of these conditions efficiently provides an improvement in symptoms without instability. Computed tomography scan guided aspiration is also useful in selected cases of ACL ganglion cyst. ACL ganglion cyst and mucoid degeneration should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic knee pain and stiffness of unspecified etiology.

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Intraarticular Ganglion Between the Cruciate Ligaments of the Knee

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Intercondylar Ganglion Cyst with Mucoid Degeneration of Posterior Cruciate Ligament of Knee: Report of A Rare Case and Review of Literature

Intercondylar Ganglion Cyst with Mucoid Degeneration of Posterior Cruciate Ligament of Knee: Report of A Rare Case and Review of Literature

Case report: intra-tendinous ganglion of the anterior cruciate ligament in a young footballer

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Ganglion Cyst and Mucoid Degeneration: A Review

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