Intra-Subject Variability and the Effect of Speech Task on Vocal Fundamental Frequency of Young Adult Australian Males and Females

Gilmore, Stuart I.; Guidera, Angela M.; Hutchins, Susan L.; Steenbrugge, Willem van

doi:10.3109/asl2.1992.20.issue-2.05

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Still, in multiple studies, the primary predictor for an observer to judge a voice as feminine was fundamental frequency . The mean fundamental frequency (F 0 ) for adult females is 196 to 224 Hz with a range of 145 to 275 Hz, and the mean F 0 for adult males is 107 to 146 Hz with a range of 80 to 165 Hz . Voices with mean F 0 between 155 and 160 Hz are within a borderline range that may be perceived as male or female …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,4 The mean fundamental frequency (F 0 ) for adult females is 196 to 224 Hz with a range of 145 to 275 Hz, and the mean F 0 for adult males is 107 to 146 Hz with a range of 80 to 165 Hz. [5][6][7] Voices with mean F 0 between 155 and 160 Hz are within a borderline range that may be perceived as male or female. [9][10][11] In cases for which voice therapy fails to achieve satisfactory voice change, several surgical approaches have gained popularity for elevating vocal pitch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An ex vivo porcine model of the anterior glottoplasty for voice feminization surgery

Rohlfing

Kuperstock

Friedman³

et al. 2019

The Laryngoscope

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Objective Perceived gender identity is correctly assigned when a combination of physical and vocal attributes become congruent. Several voice feminization procedures have gained popularity, but current evidence of their impact on vocal feminization is limited to case series. This study establishes an ex vivo porcine phonatory model to evaluate the ideal extent of anterior glottic web formation in relation to frequency elevation and airway patency. Methods Six fresh porcine larynges were obtained and fitted with arytenoid adduction sutures. Compressed air was passed through the larynges, and the vocal folds were adducted to induce phonation. Vocal fold length, posterior glottic width, fundamental frequency, and sound pressure intensity were measured as the vocal folds were progressively shortened as per the anterior glottic web surgical technique. Results The average fundamental frequency prior to web formation was 109.7 Hz. The maximum frequency achieved after web formation was 403.7 Hz, and the web proportions varied from 11.8% to 61.0% of the length of the membranous vocal folds. The glottic cross‐sectional area showed an expected inverse linear relationship to the length of the glottic web. Creation of an anterior glottic web caused consistent elevation of pitch, but there was a gradual plateau of effect with increased length of the web. Conclusion The ex vivo porcine larynx is demonstrated as an effective, available, and low‐cost model for further study of vocal pitch elevation surgical techniques. We demonstrate that in addition to progressively reducing the cross‐sectional area of the airway, additional benefit from increased web length is limited. Level of Evidence NA Laryngoscope, 130:E206–E212, 2020

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An ex vivo porcine model of the anterior glottoplasty for voice feminization surgery

Rohlfing

Kuperstock

Friedman³

et al. 2019

The Laryngoscope

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bergvall 1999 briefly discusses how popular interpretations of sex-based behavioral differences are explained in terms of physical differences. Certainly, the difference between men's and women's vocal fold length would account for the almost uniform finding that the average pitch in adult men is lower than in women (Weaver 1924, Snidecor 1951, Linke 1973, Coleman 1976, Lass, Hughes et al 1976, Loveday 1981, Günzburger 1984, Gilmore et al 1992. But if differences in pitch are purely physiological, this could not account for the better-than-chance ability to distinguish between the voices of preadolescent boys and girls, whose physical articulatory properties and average pitch are similar (Weinberg & Zlatin 1970, Weinberg & Bennett 1971, Sachs, Lieberman & Erickson 1973, Bennett & Weinberg 1979a, 1979b, Bresser & Günzburger 1985, Günzburger, Bresser & ter Keurs 1987, Lee, Hewlett & Nairn 1995.…”

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confidence: 99%

Male voices and perceived sexual orientation: An experimental and theoretical approach

2003

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This article describes the development of a data bank of 25 male voices spanning the range from very gay-sounding to very straight-sounding, according to listener ratings. These ratings allowed the researchers to examine the effects of different discourse types (scientific, dramatic, and spontaneous) and listener groups (gay males vs. a mix of males and females of unknown sexual orientation) on how listeners perceived the voices. The effects of lexical and pragmatic content were explored by a comparison of spoken and written presentations of the same spontaneous speech samples. The effect of asking participants to rate the voices using different constructs (e.g., masculine/feminine vs. gay-sounding/straight-sounding) is discussed. The ultimate goal of this research program is to examine correlations between these ratings and a range of phonetic variables in order to shed light on the specific features to which listeners attend when judging whether a man's voice sounds gay or straight.

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“…Males have a lower average pitch, use a smaller pitch range, and show less pitch variability than females. [1][2][3][4][5][6] It has also been suggested that gay male speech mirrors the patterns of women's speech. [7][8][9] It is not clear, however, to what extent gay males show pitch patterns that resemble those of females.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitch Characteristics of Homosexual Males

2011

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Intra-Subject Variability and the Effect of Speech Task on Vocal Fundamental Frequency of Young Adult Australian Males and Females

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

An ex vivo porcine model of the anterior glottoplasty for voice feminization surgery

An ex vivo porcine model of the anterior glottoplasty for voice feminization surgery

Male voices and perceived sexual orientation: An experimental and theoretical approach

Pitch Characteristics of Homosexual Males

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