Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump for Patients with Cardiac Conditions: An Update on Available Techniques and Clinical Applications

Abstract

In this paper, we present a review of the intra-aortic balloon pump, as well as the usage of it in the medical field today. An intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a biomedical device that can assist the heart during unstable angina or after a heart attack. This pump is typically used in patients who suffer from ischemia of the heart tissue, due to an unbalanced level of myocardial oxygen supply or demand. Through counterpulsation, which is a technique to synchronize the external pumping of blood with the heart’s cycle, the device can balance the supply and demand of blood that is necessary for the heart to pump properly. The IABP is comprised of the following four components: a polyurethane balloon, a polyethylene or fiber-optic catheter, a transducer, and the intra-aortic balloon pump console. In the past, researchers have used other materials that have low biocompatibility and can cause complications within the body. This analysis will explain the complications and state changes that occurred due to them. Limitations of past designs and advantages of current designs will be acknowledged, for they can be used by researchers to enhance designs for the future. Consequently, the analysis of this device may lead to improved designs and treatment in the future for patients with cardiac conditions.

Intra-aortic balloon pump counterpulsation: technical function, management, and clinical indications

“…The balloon is mounted on a 7 to 8 Fr catheter and is typically filled with helium, due to its low density, which facilitates rapid gas transfer and easy absorption into the blood in the unlikely event of rupture 6. At the catheter tip, a fluid-filled pressure transducer and/or a micromanometer assess and transmit aortic pressure waveforms are used for timing inflation and deflation 7. Inflated balloon diameter should not exceed 90% of the diameter of the descending thoracic aorta to avoid aortic wall trauma 6,8…”

“…6 At the catheter tip, a fluid-filled pressure transducer and/or a micromanometer assess and transmit aortic pressure waveforms are used for timing inflation and deflation. 7 Inflated balloon diameter should not exceed 90% of the diameter of the descending thoracic aorta to avoid aortic wall trauma. 6,8…”

Use of Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) in Patient with Ventricular Septal Rupture

“…The IABP is a long, thin balloon that controls blood flow through the aorta. This device seeks to balance the supply and demand of blood and oxygen that the heart needs (Limbert & Amiri, 2019). Counterpulsation Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), announced over fifty years ago, has restored hemodynamic parameters and myocardial oxygen transportation in patients with myocardial ischemia and cardiogenic shock (González & Chaney, 2020).…”

The Effect of Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Caring Practice of Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Patient Among ICU Staff Nurses

“…Attendants have an interesting job giving consideration in clinics, long term medical care, training and mental help to these patients. (8) IABP treatment requires a serious level of nursing abilities in view of the complexity of the hardware and the requirement for continuous observing to stay away from expected difficulties. Attendants should consolidate cautiousness with cautious and deliberate evaluation abilities to really focus on this gathering of patients.…”