Intra and Extra-granular Disintegrant Properties of Modified Underutilised Red Lima Bean Starch in Paracetamol Tablet Formulation

Abstract

Red lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus Linn) Family Fabaceae, has been modified by succinylation and annealing, and used as intra-and extra-granular disintegrants at concentrations of 5 and 10 % w / w in paracetamol tablet formulation in comparison with corn starch BP. The starches were characterised using FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM, proximate analysis, physicochemical and functional properties. FT-IR spectrometry revealed characteristic peaks at 1575.53 and 1713.99 cm -1 for the succinylated starch while the annealed showed no significant difference from the native starch. Modifications did not alter the ovoid shape of the native starch but reduced the particle size. Succinylation improved water absorption capacity, solubility and swelling of lima bean starch but annealing reduced the parameters. Tablets with disintegrants of lima bean starches generally had higher crushing strengths and lower friability than tablets with corn starch. Modifications reduced the disintegration time of the tablets when the starches were incorporated intra-granularly, which suggested particle-particle bond interruption and destruction of hydrogen bonds as mechanism of disintegration. Tablets containing 10 % w / w succinylated red lima bean starch incorporated intra-granularly had the highest disintegration efficiency ratio, DER, indicating a great balance between mechanical and disintegration properties. Modified red lima bean starches incorporated intra-granularly into paracetamol tablets led to faster disintegration and could efficiently substitute corn starch as disintegrant.

Comparative Evaluation of the Disintegrant Properties of Starches from Three Cultivars of Dioscorea rotundata (Poir)

“…Fluid penetration could be through wicking; or as a result of the creation of repulsive forces, i.e. simple destruction of hydrogen bonds or the destruction of capillary cohesive forces; or a combination of both including swelling (Desai et al, 2016;Okekunle et al, 2020). Studies have shown that no single mechanism is responsible for the action of most disintegrants and tablet porosity plays a more important role than swelling as tablets having disintegrants that do not swell performed similarly to tablets having disintegrants that swell (Guyot-Hermann and Ringard, 1981;Okekunle et al, 2020).…”

“…simple destruction of hydrogen bonds or the destruction of capillary cohesive forces; or a combination of both including swelling (Desai et al, 2016;Okekunle et al, 2020). Studies have shown that no single mechanism is responsible for the action of most disintegrants and tablet porosity plays a more important role than swelling as tablets having disintegrants that do not swell performed similarly to tablets having disintegrants that swell (Guyot-Hermann and Ringard, 1981;Okekunle et al, 2020). The disintegrant efficiency ratio (DER) generally increased as the concentration of disintegrants increased with the rank order of Sule > Giwa > Lagos.…”

Influence of croscarmellose in fast disintegrating tablet of Syzygium polyanthum extract

“…The addition of intra and extra-granular crushing materials can increase the effectiveness of tablet disintegration through two stages, i) extra granular which breaks the tablet into granules, and ii) intra granular breaks down the granules into smaller particles. The mechanism is crushing material that experiences rapid swelling and water absorption (wicking) through the gaps between the granules and the particles that make up the granules [9]. This study aims to develop herbal FDT with the active ingredient of bay leaf ethanol extract.…”