Intimate Partner Violence, Technology, and Stalking

Southworth, Cynthia; Finn, Jerry; Dawson, Shawndell; Fraser, Cynthia; Tucker, Sarah

doi:10.1177/1077801207302045

Cited by 204 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…While most states do not have cyberstalking statutes per se, cyberstalking can be and has been prosecuted under existing stalking and harassment statutes (Goodno, 2007;Fox et al, 2011b). In general, cyberstalking can be defined as repeated pursuit involving electronic or Internet-capable devices, such as mobile phones, laptop computers, or electronic tablets (Goodno, 2007;Parsons-Pollard & Moriarty, 2009;Reyns et al, 2012;Southworth, Finn, Dawson, Fraser, & Tucker, 2007;U. S. Attorney General, 1999).…”

Section: Legal and Conceptual Definitions Of Stalking And Cyberstalkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection Against Pursuit: A Conceptual and Empirical Comparison of Cyberstalking and Stalking Victimization Among a National Sample

Nobles¹,

et al. 2012

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Cyberstalking is a relatively understudied area in criminology, with no consensus among scholars as to whether it represents a modified form of stalking or whether it is an entirely new and emerging criminal phenomenon. Using data from the 2006 Supplemental Victimization Survey to the National Crime Victimization Survey, this study compares stalking and cyberstalking victims across several dimensions, including situational features of their experiences and self-protective behaviors. Results indicate that there are significant differences between stalking and cyberstalking victims, including their number of self-protective behaviors adopted, duration of contact with their stalker, financial costs of victimization, and perceived fear at onset. Perceived fear over time, the occurrence of a physical attack, and sex of the victim were all associated with a higher number of self-protective behaviors for cyberstalking victims compared to stalking victims, net of the effect of the control variables. Implications for stalking theory, research, and criminal justice policy are discussed.

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Section: Legal and Conceptual Definitions Of Stalking And Cyberstalkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection Against Pursuit: A Conceptual and Empirical Comparison of Cyberstalking and Stalking Victimization Among a National Sample

Nobles¹,

et al. 2012

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“…At each step, the predictor with the largest statistic whose p-value was less than .05 was added to the model. [35][36][37][38][39][40] Neither GSE nor CSE differed significantly by victimization or perpetration status (Table 1 & 2). A trend was found in the correlation between victimization and CSE (r=-.262, p =.064).As CSE increased, victimization decreased.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyber-Intimate Partner Violence and Mental Health Outcomes in a Sample of High School Girls

Singh

Smith

Raba

et al. 2016

MOJPH

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Abbreviations: IPV, intimate partner violence; YRBSS, youth risk behavior surveillance system; GSE, general self-efficacy; CSE, coping self-efficacy IntroductionBullying is defined as repeated, unwanted, aggressive behavior that involves a power imbalance.1 Bullying is especially prevalent among school-aged youth. The 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) found that 20% of 9th through 12th graders nationwide experienced bullying the previous year. 2 Bullying can have serious and long-lasting consequences. Adults who were victims or perpetrators of bullying as children have a higher incidence of anxiety disorders.3 Bullying victims report decreasing levels of self-worth with increasing levels of victimization.4 Bullying victimization is also a risk factor for future perpetration. Recently, bullying has begun to occur electronically. This phenomenon is known as "cyberbullying".1 Ninety-five percent of teenagers use electronic media. Seventy-five percent of teenagers have cell phones; 73% have social networking accounts; and 97% play computer-based role playing games.5 Teenagers have increasing access to electronic communication.6 This increase in electronic communication coincides with an increase in cyberbullying. Thirtytwo percent of teenagers who communicate electronically report cyberbullying victimization, which includes receiving threatening messages, having private communications posted without consent, or having rumors, spread online.7 Cyberbullying is associated with lower self-esteem and higher depression and suicidality. Intimate partner violence (IPV) refers to physical, sexual, or psychological harm by a current or former partner or spouse. One third of American adolescents experience abuses from an intimate partner. Ten to 25% of high schoolers and 20-30% of college students report IPV involvement.9 Females between the ages of 16 and 24 experience the highest rate of IPV. 10 Limited research has examined youth IPV. 11Risk factors for adolescent IPV involvement include prior exposure to violence, low self-esteem, depression, poor problem solving 12 and childhood abuse. 13IPV victimization in adolescents is associated with depression and suicidality.14-16 In adolescent girls, IPV victimization is associated with negative self-image, mental health decline, and suicidality. 15,16Women who were IPV victims as adolescents are more likely to experience depression, 1suicidality, and future victimization. 17This study uses the term "cyber-IPV" to refer to cyberbullying behaviors among dating couples or IPV behaviors via electronic communication. Cyber-IPV has not been adequately explored. The extant research, however, finds that IPV perpetrators often use technology to stalk, argue with, monitor, control, and send aggressive messages to partners. 18,19 There are significant gaps in the existing cyber-IPV literature. Current research focuses on college students.18-21 However, high school-aged girls experience the highest IPV rates.10 Most studies on the topic are qualitative and note the need fo...

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“…Concerns about batterers' use of the Internet and wireless technologies to control and harass their partners were raised in 2002 by a long-established leader in innovative violence-related education, research, and Internet publishing 33 and expanded upon by others. 34 Unfortunately, the concerns remain largely unaddressed by agencies a decade later.…”

Section: Servicementioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Presentation on the Web: Agencies Serving Abused and Assaulted Women

Sorenson

Shi²,

Zhang³

et al. 2014

Am J Public Health

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Objectives. We examined the content and usability of the Web sites of agencies serving women victims of violence.Methods. We entered the names of a systematic 10% sample of 3774 agencies listed in 2 national directories into a search engine. We took (in April 2012) and analyzed screenshots of the 261 resulting home pages and the readability of 193 home and first-level pages.Results. Victims (94%) and donors (68%) were the primary intended audiences. About one half used social media and one third provided cues to action. Almost all (96.4%) of the Web pages were rated "fairly difficult" to "very confusing" to read, and 81.4% required more than a ninth-grade education to understand.Conclusions. The service and marketing functions were met fairly well by the agency home pages, but usability (particularly readability and offer of a mobile version) and efforts to increase user safety could be improved. Internet technologies are an essential platform for public health. They are particularly useful for reaching people with stigmatized health conditions because of the anonymity allowed. The one third of agencies that lack a Web site will not reach the substantial portion of the population that uses the Internet to find health information and other resources. Health, 104(4), 702-707. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2013 This journal article is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn.edu/spp_papers/170 This study examined the content and usability of websites of agencies serving women victims of violence.Methods. The names of a systematic 10% sample of 3,774 agencies listed in two national directories were entered into a search engine. We analyzed screenshots of the 261 resulting homepages and the readability of 193 home-and first-level pages.Results. Victims (94%) and donors (68%) were the primary intended audiences. About one-half used social media and one-third provided cues to action. Almost all (96.4%) of the webpages were rated "fairly difficult" to "very confusing" to read, and 81.4% required more than a 9 th grade education to understand.Discussion. The service and marketing functions were met fairly well by the agency homepages but usability (particularly, readability and offering a mobile version) and efforts to increase user safety could be improved. The one-third of agencies that lack a website will not reach the substantial portion of the population that uses the Internet to find health and other resources. 3Internet use is nearly ubiquitous in the U.S., particularly among adolescents. conclusions: the posted information was insufficient, and the design was focused on the perspective of the website creator rather than that of the end-user. 17We examined the service and marketing functions as well as the usability of websites of 4 261 agencies that serve women victims of violence. In studying the content, we assessed whether the information provided addressed benefits, barriers, and other constructs of the widely-used Health Belief Model, 18 which are of particular relevance to such victims because th...

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Intimate Partner Violence, Technology, and Stalking

Cited by 204 publications

References 12 publications

Protection Against Pursuit: A Conceptual and Empirical Comparison of Cyberstalking and Stalking Victimization Among a National Sample

Protection Against Pursuit: A Conceptual and Empirical Comparison of Cyberstalking and Stalking Victimization Among a National Sample

Cyber-Intimate Partner Violence and Mental Health Outcomes in a Sample of High School Girls

Self-Presentation on the Web: Agencies Serving Abused and Assaulted Women

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