Abstract:Aim:The current study aimed to systematically review the data obtained from studies on women with breast and gynaecologic cancers subjected to Intimate Partner Violence (IPV).Design: Systematic review without meta-analysis.
“…Using data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (United States), in a cross‐sectional sample of 43,837 individuals with a live birth, respondents with disabilities had 2.6 times the odds of experiencing IPV before pregnancy and 2.5 times the odds of experiencing IPV during pregnancy, compared to individuals in the perinatal period without disabilities (Alhusen et al, 2023). In a systematic review to examine the relationship between IPV exposure and women with breast and gynaecologic cancers, Sheikhnezhad et al (2023) highlight that women with these types of cancer are at the greatest risk of psychological IPV and that maintaining a relationship with the perpetrator negatively influenced their use and access to treatment and quality of life during treatment.…”
Section: Provision Of Person‐centred and Trauma‐and Violence‐informed...mentioning
“…Using data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (United States), in a cross‐sectional sample of 43,837 individuals with a live birth, respondents with disabilities had 2.6 times the odds of experiencing IPV before pregnancy and 2.5 times the odds of experiencing IPV during pregnancy, compared to individuals in the perinatal period without disabilities (Alhusen et al, 2023). In a systematic review to examine the relationship between IPV exposure and women with breast and gynaecologic cancers, Sheikhnezhad et al (2023) highlight that women with these types of cancer are at the greatest risk of psychological IPV and that maintaining a relationship with the perpetrator negatively influenced their use and access to treatment and quality of life during treatment.…”
Section: Provision Of Person‐centred and Trauma‐and Violence‐informed...mentioning
“…These cancers affecting women’s health are a matter of great concern, as they have a significant impact on the lives of those affected [ 2 , 3 ]. A variety of factors make the female population vulnerable to GCs, including genetic predisposition, lifestyle choices, exposure to certain viruses, and hormonal imbalances [ 4 , 5 ]. Numerous studies have demonstrated a correlation between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a hormonal disorder marked by elevated androgen levels and the presence of numerous ovarian follicles, and endometrial cancer [ 6 , 7 ].…”
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 has gained significant recognition as a pivotal contributor to the initiation and advancement of gynecologic cancers, encompassing ovarian, endometrial, cervical, and breast cancers. H19 exhibits a complex array of mechanisms, demonstrating dualistic effects on tumorigenesis as it can function as both an oncogene and a tumor suppressor, contingent upon the specific context and type of cancer being investigated. In ovarian cancer, H19 promotes tumor growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance through modulation of key signaling pathways and interaction with microRNAs. Conversely, in endometrial cancer, H19 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Additionally, H19 has been implicated in cervical and breast cancers, where it influences cell proliferation, invasion, and immune evasion. Moreover, H19 has potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for gynecologic cancers, with its expression levels correlating with clinical parameters and patient outcomes. Understanding the functional roles of H19 in gynecologic cancers is crucial for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies and personalized treatment approaches. Further investigation into the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying H19’s involvement in gynecologic malignancies is warranted to fully unravel its therapeutic potential and clinical implications. This review aims to elucidate the functional roles of H19 in various gynecologic malignancies.
“…Woman may be faced with the physical barrier of being unable to access care by their partners who control many aspects of their life and wellbeing. IPV related barriers to accessing care also include fear of flashbacks, pain, mistrust, or embarrassment associated with male healthcare providers [ 25 , 26 ].…”
Background
Major health inequalities exist surrounding the utilisation of cervical cancer screening services globally. Jordan, a low- and middle-income country, has poor screening rates (15.8%), with barriers to accessing services, including lack of education. Emerging studies demonstrate that intimate partner violence (IPV) impacts reproductive health decisions. As a large proportion of Jordanian women have reported experiencing IPV, this study examines the association between IPV and cervical cancer screening in Jordan, the first of its kind using national-level data.
Methods
Using Jordan’s Demographic Health Survey 2017–18, cervical cancer screening awareness and self-reported screening were estimated in participants who answered questions on IPV (n = 6679). After applying sample weights, Heckman’s two-stage probit model determined the association of awareness and utilisation of cervical cancer screening with experience of IPV, adjusting for the socio-economic factors.
Results
Of the women with privacy to answer the IPV module, 180 (3.4%) were found to be victims of sexual violence, 691 of physical violence (12.6%) and 935 (16.2%) of emotional violence. Women subjected to sexual violence were less likely to admit to having awareness of a Pap smear test; however, this did not impact screening rates. Victims of emotional violence were more likely to be screened than non-victims. No association between physical violence and cervical cancer screening was found.
Conclusions
A significant association between cervical screening awareness and IPV demonstrates that cancer screening policies must consider IPV among women to improve screening awareness. The paper further sheds light on the paradoxical association between emotional violence and screening. It is acknowledged this situation may be far worse than reported, as women without autonomy were unlikely to answer IPV questions that may endanger them—targeted surveys on cervical cancer screening warrant further investigation.
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