The emerging roles of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 in gynecologic cancers

Abstract

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 has gained significant recognition as a pivotal contributor to the initiation and advancement of gynecologic cancers, encompassing ovarian, endometrial, cervical, and breast cancers. H19 exhibits a complex array of mechanisms, demonstrating dualistic effects on tumorigenesis as it can function as both an oncogene and a tumor suppressor, contingent upon the specific context and type of cancer being investigated. In ovarian cancer, H19 promotes tumor growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance through modulation of key signaling pathways and interaction with microRNAs. Conversely, in endometrial cancer, H19 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Additionally, H19 has been implicated in cervical and breast cancers, where it influences cell proliferation, invasion, and immune evasion. Moreover, H19 has potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for gynecologic cancers, with its expression levels correlating with clinical parameters and patient outcomes. Understanding the functional roles of H19 in gynecologic cancers is crucial for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies and personalized treatment approaches. Further investigation into the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying H19’s involvement in gynecologic malignancies is warranted to fully unravel its therapeutic potential and clinical implications. This review aims to elucidate the functional roles of H19 in various gynecologic malignancies.

Long Noncoding RNA H19 rs3741219 Polymorphism and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Egyptian Population

“…The oncofetal lncRNA H19 exhibits bipolar behavior, acting as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor contingent on the tumor's kind, stage, and genetic background. The 2.5 kb long H19 gene region has five exons that code for an RNA that controls the activity of other RNAs [15] . H19 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are linked to clinicopathologic characteristics and cancer susceptibilities in many types of cancer [16] .…”