Intimate partner violence against young women: prevalence and associated factors in Europe

Sanz-Barbero, Belén; Pereira, Patricia López; Barrio, Gregorio; Vives‐Cases, Carmen

doi:10.1136/jech-2017-209701

Cited by 70 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…This research was carried out with the participation of 73 women who said they had experienced sexual violence and 37 who said they had not. The sociodemographic data obtained is consistent with the results of other studies also involving women using public support services (Sanabria & Murray, 2018;Sanz-Barbero et al 2018;Yera Alós & Medrano Allieri, 2018), who have insecure employment and social status, are caring for children, and have a low level of education. This may increase the perception of financial and emotional dependence, encourage the victim's family and social isolation and increase the severity of violent physical and sexual behaviour by the aggressor (Martínez-Sanz et al 2016;Rubio-Garay et al 2017;Year,Alós & Medrano Allieri, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Entre la Coacción y el Consentimiento: Un Estudio sobre la Violencia Sexual Masculina en las Relaciones de Pareja Heterosexuales

Viejo

Sanz

2020

mcs

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Objective: We present an analysis of the main characteristics of male sexual violence in partner relationships (types of sexual behaviour, male coercion methods and women’s reactions) as well as their prevalence. Method: The sample consisted of 110 women who attended public specialist support centres for women over 12 months. For the study, the women were grouped according to whether or not they mentioned partner violence (PV or NPV respectively), in an ex post facto design. Semi-structured interviews were used for the Exploration of Sexual Violence (ESV). Results: Descriptive, statistical and comparative analysis of the information showed no statistically significant differences in the types of sexual violence, that the most common method of coercion used is physical force, and that the most significant reactions are explicit refusal in the case of the PV group and active participation and feigning enjoyment in the NPV group. Conclusions: Our data shows that, when it is explored, both the PV and the NPV groups describe the male sexual violence exerted by their partners.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Labrador et al (2010) reported sexual prevalence varying between 20% and 54%. Basile & Hall (2011) and Sanz-Barbero et al (2018) found the prevalence of sexual violence to be 8.8% and noted that it was associated with the financial, social and personal vulnerability of women with children in their care.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entre la Coacción y el Consentimiento: Un Estudio sobre la Violencia Sexual Masculina en las Relaciones de Pareja Heterosexuales

Viejo

Sanz

2020

mcs

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“…The majority of the epidemiological studies that analyze the causes and consequences of IPV have been carried out among the general population, [6,7] however, there is increasing scientific evidence that shows an increase in IPV among the young population. [8] A recently published multi-country study (carried out with a representative sample of 28 countries in the European Union) shows a current prevalence of physical and/or sexual IPV in women ages 18–29 of 6.1% (4% among the general population) and a lifetime prevalence of psychological IPV of up to 47.9% (32% among the general population). [5] Also, being in elder ages has been identified as a barrier to leaving a violent relationship.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, associated factors and health impact of intimate partner violence against women in different life stages

2019

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ObjectivesThe effect of age on intimate partner violence (IPV) against women has received little attention. The objective of this study is to analyze the prevalence, risk factors and health impact of current IPV in different life stages.MethodsWe analyzed a sub-sample of 8,935 ever-partnered women aged 16 years and older from the Spanish Macrosurvey on Gender Violence of 2014. Main outcomes: current physical/ sexual IPV and current psychological-only IPV. The impact of IPV on health was analyzed using the variables self-perceived health, mental health and activity limitations. Risk factors were assessed using the prevalence ratio (PR) from Poisson regression models with robust variance. Analyses were stratified by age (young people, adults, and elderly people).ResultsAbuse in childhood increases the likelihood of IPV in any life stage. A higher education level decreases the probability of physical/sexual IPV across all ages. Unemployment increases the probability of IPV in adult women (physical/sexual-IPV, PR:1.7; psychological-IPV, PR:1.3). Being an immigrant increases the likelihood of physical/sexual IPV in adult women (PRwomen:1.91). Women exposed to current physical/sexual IPV have a greater likelihood of reporting poor self-perceived health (PRyoungpeople:2.59; PRadults:1.68; PRelderly:1.28), poor mental health (PRyoungpeople:3.10; PRadults:2.61; PRedlerly:2.17) and activity limitations (PRyoungpeople:2.44; PRadults:1.98). For psychological IPV only, there is an increase in the probability of poor self-perceived health (PRadults:1.37; PRelderly:1.19), poor mental health (PRyoungpeople:2.24; PRadults:2.16; PRelderly:1.69), and activity limitations (PRadults:1.30; PRelderly:1.18).ConclusionsWe found both common factors and differential factors when looking at IPV by age group. This shows the need to link gender violence prevention with the social circumstances of the population across different life stages.

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“…We foresee several challenges during the implementation and evaluation of this protocol. The first challenge emerges from the fact that we are going to implement and evaluate the same interventions with teachers and students in six European cities which differ in many aspects, including their prevalence rates of dating violence [52]. Although English is our common language, we must translate and adapt all training materials and selected evaluation indicators into our own languages, so that they can be used with our target populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lights4Violence: a quasi-experimental educational intervention in six European countries to promote positive relationships among adolescents

et al. 2019

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Background Preventing intimate partner violence or dating violence (DV) among adolescents is a public health priority due to its magnitude and damaging short and long-term consequences for adolescent and adult health. In our study protocol, we complement prior experiences in DV prevention by promoting protective factors (or assets) against gender violence such as communication skills, empathy and problem-solving capability through “Cinema Voice”, a participatory educational intervention based on adolescents’ strengths to tackle DV. Methods/design A longitudinal quasi-experimental educational intervention addressed to boys and girls ages 13–17 years, enrolled in secondary education schools in Alicante (Spain), Rome (Italy), Cardiff (UK), Iasi (Romania), Poznan (Poland) and Matosinhos (Portugal). Both process and results evaluations will be carried out with 100–120 intervention and 120–150 control group students per city at three time periods: before, after and 6 months after the implementation of the following interventions: 1) Training seminar with teachers to promote knowledge and skills on the core issues of intervention; 2) Workshops with intervention groups, where participants produce their own digital content presenting their perspective on DV; and 3) Short film exhibitions with participants, their families, authorities and other stakeholders with the objective of share the results and engage the community. Outcome measures are self-perceived social support, machismo, sexism, tolerance towards gender violence, social problem-solving and assertiveness as well as involvement in bullying/cyberbullying. Other socio-demographic, attitudes and violence-related co-variables were also included. Discussion This study may provide relevant information about the effectiveness of educational interventions that combine a positive youth development framework with educational awareness about the importance of achieving gender equality and preventing and combating gender violence. To our knowledge, this is the first study that involves six European countries in an educational intervention to promote violence protective assets among enrolled adolescents in secondary schools. This study may provide the needed tools to replicate the experience in other contexts and other countries. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03411564 . Unique Protocol ID: 776905. Date registered: 18-01-2018.

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Intimate partner violence against young women: prevalence and associated factors in Europe

Abstract: Findings show that the fight against violence in young women should consider individual characteristics, childhood experiences of abuse and also structural interventions including reduction of alcohol consumption and improvement in the education-related indicators.

Cited by 70 publications

References 34 publications

Entre la Coacción y el Consentimiento: Un Estudio sobre la Violencia Sexual Masculina en las Relaciones de Pareja Heterosexuales

Entre la Coacción y el Consentimiento: Un Estudio sobre la Violencia Sexual Masculina en las Relaciones de Pareja Heterosexuales

Prevalence, associated factors and health impact of intimate partner violence against women in different life stages

Lights4Violence: a quasi-experimental educational intervention in six European countries to promote positive relationships among adolescents

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