Intimal Estrogen Receptor (ER)β, But Not ERα Expression, Is Correlated with Coronary Calcification and Atherosclerosis in Pre- and Postmenopausal Women

Abstract

ERbeta is the predominant ER in human coronary arteries and correlates with coronary calcification, a marker of severe atherosclerosis. Increased ERbeta expression is linked to advanced atherosclerosis and calcification independent of age or hormone status. Future pharmacogenetic studies that target this receptor are needed to confirm causality.

Association of Plasma Dehydroepiandrosterone-Sulfate Levels with Endothelial Function in Postmenopausal Women with Coronary Risk Factors

“…Consequently, the meaning of DHEA-S in association with endothelial function may be different between men and women. Gender differences in other steroid hormones and steroid hormone receptor expression in arteries (34,35) might play a mechanistic role.…”

Polymorphisms and Haplotypes of the Estrogen Receptor-β Gene (ESR2) and Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Women

“…Particularly in women, ER-␤ is the estrogen receptor that is predominantly expressed in human vascular smooth muscle (9 ). In autopsy studies, ER-␤ expression positively correlated with increased coronary artery plaque area in both women and men (10,11 ). Some studies suggest that increased ESR2 expression may be a secondary or compensatory phenomenon.…”

“…ER-␤ has been associated with coronary plaque (9 ). In autopsy studies, ER-␤ expression positively correlates with increased coronary artery plaque area in both women and men (10,11 ). Polymorphisms of ESR2 have been associated with left ventricular mass and left ventricular wall thickness in women but not men (12 ).…”

Roosters affected by epididymal lithiasis present local alteration in vitamin D3, testosterone and estradiol levels as well as estrogen receptor 2 (β) expression

“…Coincident with the E 2 levels, ESR2 was also overexpressed in all segments within the epididymal region, whereas ESR1 levels were not affected. Involvement of ESR2 in other pathological conditions with soft-tissue calcification has been already demonstrated in other species, whereas ESR1 is commonly associated with a protective effect against calcification (Hodgin et al 2001, Christian et al 2006. It is known that estrogens are involved in regulation of the male tract luminal osmolarity and acidification (Joseph et al 2010a(Joseph et al , 2010b.…”