Intestinal parasites and risk factors in dogs and cats from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Arruda, Igor Falco; Ramos, Raissa Cristina Ferreira; Barbosa, Alynne da Silva; Abboud, Luiz Cláudio de Souza; Reis, Izabel Cristina dos; Millar, Patricia Riddell; Amendoeira, Maria Regina Reis

doi:10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100552

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Studies based on coprological methods have obtained a prevalence ranging between zero and 39.1% [ 48 , 97 – 101 ], whereas in necropsy-based studies the prevalence ranged between 0.9 and 83.3% [ 20 , 102 ]. During necropsies, a more detailed analysis is performed, making this method more sensitive and reliable when compared with coprological techniques, as the adult parasites are observed in the small intestine of the animals [ 19 , 29 , 49 , 77 , 78 , 82 , 94 , 103 – 110 ]. Therefore, epidemiological studies on animals based on necropsies will provide a more realistic insight into the prevalence of this cestode in the general population [ 94 , 111 – 114 ].…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In animals, the presence of fleas or lice, and the infrequency of internal and external deworming, associated with clinical signs, may lead to the suspicion of D. caninum infection [ 67 , 68 , 80 , 119 , 120 ]. The presence of fleas or lice can be interpreted as a sign that sustains the infection by D. caninum since this parasitosis presupposes infestation by ectoparasites containing cysticercoid larvae [ 77 , 80 , 105 , 108 , 121 ]. However, the animal may no longer have fleas or lice, or the fleas or lice may not be detected at clinical examination [ 108 , 121 ].…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dipylidium caninum in the twenty-first century: epidemiological studies and reported cases in companion animals and humans

Maia

2022

Parasites Vectors

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Background Dipilidiosis is a parasitic disease caused by the tapeworm Dipylidium caninum. Fleas and, less frequently, lice act as an intermediate host, and their ingestion is required for infection to occur. While the disease mainly affects domestic and wild carnivores, it is also considered a zoonotic disease, with most human cases reported in children. Dipylidium caninum is considered to be the most common tapeworm infesting companion animals, but dipilidosis in humans is rare. The aims of this review were to improve current understanding of the epidemiology of this parasitosis and its management by the medical and veterinary community. Methods A comprehensive review of the published literature during the last 21 years (2000–2021) on the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention measures of D. caninum infection and dipilidiosis in companion animals and humans was conducted. Results Using predefined eligibility criteria for a search of the published literature, we retrieved and screened 280 publications. Of these, 161 (141 epidemiological studies, 20 case reports [16 human cases]) were considered for inclusion in this review. This parasitosis is present worldwide; however, despite being the most frequent cestode infection in animals, it is often underdiagnosed using common coprological techniques. Its diagnosis in humans has also proved challenging, being frequently confused with pinworm infection, leading to inappropriate treatment and to the persistence of the disease over time. Prevention measures include control of ectoparasites in animals and the environment, as well as regular deworming of animals, most commonly with praziquantel. Conclusions The diagnosis of dipilidiosis remains challenging in both animals and humans, primarily due to the low sensitivity of the diagnostic methods currently available and a lack of knowledge of the morphological characteristics of the parasite. Although treatment with the appropriate anti-cestode compounds is well tolerated and results in resolution of the infection, indiscriminate use of these compounds may predispose to an increase in resistance. Given the worldwide distribution of this parasite, it is essential to act on several fronts, with a focus on health education for children and animal owners and the control of intermediate hosts, both in animals and in the surrounding environment. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dipylidium caninum in the twenty-first century: epidemiological studies and reported cases in companion animals and humans

Maia

2022

Parasites Vectors

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“…In the second study conducted in Enugu and Anambra States, a prevalence of 52.6% was documented [19]. Similarly, publications from Europe, Italy, Switzerland, Finland, Hungary, Brazil and China have given country-specific reports on the prevalence of canine helminthosis [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. The high prevalence reported may be linked to the increase in world dog population, poor living conditions in the developing world, poor hygiene leading to high degree of environmental contamination with infective worm stage and availability of intermediate host, and global warming, all of which create favourable climatic conditions for the survival of infective stages outside the host [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of Canine Helminthosis and Anthelminthic Usage Pattern at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Nigeria

Adenubi

Adebowale

Adekoya

et al. 2022

Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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H ELMINTHOSIS still a neglected disease, especially in developing countries, in spite of its economic and public health importance. A ten-year retrospective study on confirmed canine helminthosis cases presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Abeokuta, Nigeria was conducted. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize animal signalment, infection severity, anthelminthic usage pattern and outcome. Relationships between dog/owner's profiles with the presence/absence of helminthic infection were determined using Pearson's and Wald Chi square and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Total number of case records was ninety-five; forty-five males and fifty females, ages ranged between 1 month to 9 years, with complete data and confirmed laboratory diagnosis were reviewed. At the univariate level, the odds of having helminths increased twice (COR = 2.172, 95% CI; 0.850 -5.504, p=0.098) in exotic breeds than indigenous ones. Likewise, the odds of infection in dogs owned by clients with high economic status increased almost three times (COR = 2.696, 95% CI; 0.966 -7.524, p=0.053) than those with low economic status. At multivariate level, the odds of helminthosis being present in dogs significantly reduced in dogs above 5 months of age (AOR = 0.219, 95% CI; 0. 071 -0.681, p=0.009). This study highlights associated clinical signs, variations in anthelminthic therapy, outcome, and the predisposing factors to resistance. Standardized approaches for collection, assessment, and risk management of helminthosis is needed.

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“…The occurrence of gastrointestinal parasitism in dogs in Brazil presents values varying from 11.3% (Arruda et al, 2021) to 100% (Pereira & Barbosa, 2013). These results are owing to the different diagnostic techniques used, region studied, health status, age, and origin of these dogs (Táparo et al, 2006;Lallo et al, 2016;Snak et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs from Cuiabá, Mato Grosso

Souza

Dorr

Silva

et al. 2023

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Gastrointestinal parasitism by helminths and protozoa poses risks to animal and human health owing to clinical changes and transmission of potentially zoonotic agents. Thus, the present study aimed to verify the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs from the municipality of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil, using coproparasitological tests. From June 2021 to April 2022, faecal samples were collected from domestic dogs at the Veterinary Hospital and Animal Protection Shelters in the Cuiabá municipality. A semi-structured questionnaire was applied to the owners and those responsible for the shelters to analyse the factors associated with gastrointestinal parasitism. A total of 353 faecal samples were collected and subjected to parasitological flotation and sedimentation techniques. Data were analysed using the chi-squared test and exploratory factorial analysis. The occurrence of gastrointestinal parasitism was 22.66% and the parasites found alone or in mixed infections were Ancylostoma spp., Trichuris vulpis, Toxocara spp., Dipylidium caninum, Cystoisospora spp., Giardia duodenalis, and coccidia. It was concluded that the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs is frequent, and the variables associated with these infections were source origin, breed, age, coexistence with other animals, and dull fur.

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Intestinal parasites and risk factors in dogs and cats from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Cited by 14 publications

References 37 publications

Dipylidium caninum in the twenty-first century: epidemiological studies and reported cases in companion animals and humans

Dipylidium caninum in the twenty-first century: epidemiological studies and reported cases in companion animals and humans

Prevalence of Canine Helminthosis and Anthelminthic Usage Pattern at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Nigeria

Occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs from Cuiabá, Mato Grosso

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