Intestinal nutrient sensing and blood glucose control

Zietek, Tamara; Daniel, Hannelore

doi:10.1097/mco.0000000000000187

Cited by 35 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Nonetheless, in recent studies it has also been found to exhibit paracrine and exocrine effects on pancreatic islet cells, leading to enhanced insulin secretion . The releases of both hormones are triggered by the presence of nutrients in the intestinal lumen, which is detected by membrane‐bound transporters found on enterocytes along the intestinal lining . In recent studies, SCFA receptors were found to be present in the distal gut and were associated with enhanced GLP‐1 and PYY secretion (Fig.…”

Section: Effects Of Resistant Starch Consumption Leading To Improved mentioning

confidence: 95%

The relationship between resistant starch and glycemic control: A review on current evidence and possible mechanisms

Wong

Louie

2016

Starch Stärke

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Good glycemic control, which is vital for patients with type 2 diabetes, can be achieved via dietary intervention. Resistant starch (RS) is a type of carbohydrate that largely resists digestion in the small intestine. Instead, it is fermented by the gut microbiota that resides in the large intestine into short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are found to have beneficial effects on human glucose metabolism. Here, an overview is provided of the classification of different types of RS, as well as the fermentation process of RS by the gut microbiota. The effects of RS consumption that contribute to glycemic control are then discussed with reference to animal and human studies. Although beneficial effects of RS consumption have been observed, results from animal and human studies are inconclusive regarding the mechanisms behind them. Additional research effort is necessary in order to have a better understanding of the effects of habitual RS consumption on glycemic control.

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Section: Effects Of Resistant Starch Consumption Leading To Improved mentioning

confidence: 95%

The relationship between resistant starch and glycemic control: A review on current evidence and possible mechanisms

Wong

Louie

2016

Starch Stärke

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“…(Liou et al 2011;Diakogiannaki et al 2013). The incretin hormones GLP-1 and GIP are of particular interest due to their insulinotrophic action and high potential for the treatment of metabolic disorders, such as diabetes or obesity (Zietek & Daniel, 2015). In the past decade, G-protein-coupled receptors, such as the free fatty acid receptors GPR40 and GPR120 or the bile acid receptor TGR5 , have been identified as intestinal sensors mediating gut hormone release.…”

Section: Transport For Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taste and move: glucose and peptide transporters in the gastrointestinal tract

Daniel

Zietek

2015

Experimental Physiology

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“…Interestingly, Zietek and Daniel (2015) and Magro et al (2018) documented that the release of GLP‐1 has been increased as a compensatory mechanism to prevent the occurrence of hypoglycaemia in high‐risk IBD patients, such as active CD patients, who suffer from GLP‐2 blockade, nutrient malabsorption and chronic diarrhoea 28,29 …”

Section: Glucagon‐like Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pivotal relation between glucagon‐like peptides, NFκB and inflammatory bowel disease

Nabeh

Attallah

el-Gawhary

2020

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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Glucagon‐like peptides (GLPs), GLP‐1 and GLP‐2, are released from intestinal enteroendocrine cells (L cells) in response to ingested nutrients. GLP‐1 plays a crucial role in lowering blood glucose and controlling body weight, through stimulating the islet ß cells of pancreas to secrete insulin, inhibiting gastric emptying, and reducing food ingestion. Therefore, GLP‐1 receptor agonists are now used in the treatment of obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). GLP‐2, on the other hand, is used as a novel therapy for short bowel syndrome (SBS) through its ability to restore intestinal homeostasis and induce epithelial proliferation. GLPs and the inhibitors of their degradation enzymes, dipeptidyl peptidase‐IV (DPP‐IV) inhibitors, have many anti‐inflammatory actions. Many animal‐based clinical trials have proved that GLP‐based therapy has a pivotal role in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), possibly through regulating the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa‐ligand B (NFκB). NFκB controls the production and secretion of many cytokines and chemokines encountered in the pathophysiology of IBD such as interleukin (IL‐1β‐IL‐12, IL‐13, IL‐21, IL‐22, IL‐6) and tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) and hence, may provide a promising therapeutic option.

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Intestinal nutrient sensing and blood glucose control

Cited by 35 publications

References 58 publications

The relationship between resistant starch and glycemic control: A review on current evidence and possible mechanisms

The relationship between resistant starch and glycemic control: A review on current evidence and possible mechanisms

Taste and move: glucose and peptide transporters in the gastrointestinal tract

The pivotal relation between glucagon‐like peptides, NFκB and inflammatory bowel disease

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