Intestinal Microbiota, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Oxidative Status of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Containing Mushroom Waste Compost By-Products

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of using mushroom waste compost as the residue medium for Pleurotus eryngii planting, which was used as a feed replacement; its consequent influence on broiler chickens’ intestinal microbiota, anti-inflammatory responses, and anti-oxidative status was likewise studied. A total of 240 male broilers were used and allocated to four treatment groups: the basal diet—control group (corn–soybean); 5% replacement of a soybean meal via PWMC (Pennisetum purpureum Schum No. 2 waste mushroom compost); 5% replacement of a soybean meal via FPW (Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermented PWMC); 5% replacement of a soybean meal via PP (Pennisetum purpureum Schum No. 2). Each treatment had three replicates and 20 birds per pen. The levels of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase mRNA as well as protein increased in the liver and serum in chickens, respectively; mRNA levels of inflammation-related genes were also suppressed 2 to 10 times in all treatments as compared to those in the control group. The tight junction and mucin were enhanced 2 to 10 times in all treatment groups as compared to those in the control, especially in the PWMC group. Nevertheless, the appetite-related mRNA levels were increased in the PWMC and FPW groups by at least two times. In ileum and cecum, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios in broilers were decreased in the PWMC, FPW, and PP groups. The Lactobacillaceae in the ileum were increased mainly in the PWMC and control groups. Overall, high-fiber feeds (PWMC, FPW, and PP) could enhance the broilers’ health by improving their antioxidant capacities and decreasing their inflammatory response as compared to the control. Based on the results, a 5% replacement of the soybean meal via PWMC is recommended in the broiler chickens’ diet.

Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate on growth performance, immunity function, and intestinal health in broilers

“…In order to better understand the connection between intestinal barrier and gut microflora, the cecum content which contains the most detailed information regarding chicken gut microbiota was analyzed with 16s rRNA methodology ( Pourabedin and Zhao, 2015 ). Similar to the previous reports ( Chuang et al., 2021b ), data from analyses of α-diversity and β-diversity corroborate the initial hypothesis that SCH improved microbial richness and altered microbiota structure to a certain extent. The diversity of the intestinal tract microbiota community is believed to have a positive effect on the productivity of the bird ( Janczyk et al, 2009 ).…”

Longitudinal Study of the Effects of Flammulina velutipes Stipe Wastes on the Cecal Microbiota of Laying Hens

“…The enrichment of Faecalicoccus is usually associated with intestinal inflammation, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease ( 71 ). These results are consistent with previous findings that dietary-fiber-rich by-products could modulate the composition of the cecal microbiota of chickens ( 72 – 74 ).…”

Effects of Dietary Lentinus edodes Fermentation Supplementation on Digestive Enzyme Activity, Antioxidant Capacity and Morphology of the Liver and Intestine in Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) Fed High Plant Protein Diets

“…In addition, it was found that lentinan sulfate polysaccharide can improve the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome induced by yeast polysaccharides in mice and reduce the vacuolization of mouse liver 46]. The improvement in liver morphology can be attributed to the bioactive compounds in mushrooms such as B vitamins, minerals, polysaccharides, lentinan and so on, which have the effect of liver protection and enhancing the antioxidant capacity of the liver [43,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. The present study showed that LEF can reduce hepatic MDA levels and enhance the ability of hepatocytes to remove hydrogen peroxide.…”