Intestinal lesions following histamine liberation in the rat

Fell, B. F.; Boyne, R.; Cuthbertson, D. P.

doi:10.1002/path.1700820222

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In contrast, but excepting the rats which developed bacterial invasion of the wall of the lower small gut, was the rapid return to the normal state, both bacteriologically and histologically, if as short a time as 24 hours was allowed to elapse between giving the last dose of mecamylamine and killing the rat. Such rapid mucosal recovery is in keeping with the recent striking experiments of Fell, Boyne, and Cuthbertson (1961) in which regeneration of shed small intestinal epithelium was reported to occur within two or three hours.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Bacteriological and histological studies of the small intestine of rats treated with mecamylamine

Dixon¹,

Paulley²

1963

Gut

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and the Ipswich and East Suffolk Hospital EDITORIAL SYNOPSIS Rats were injected intraperitoneally with mecamylamine (Inversine) in doses that were believed to have reduced peristaltic activity in the small intestine. Large numbers of Escherichia coli were present throughout the lumen of the small intestine of animals treated for two or three days and killed within three hours of the last dose of the drug. Histological changes in the small intestinal mucosa of these animals included an increase in the number of goblet cells and shortening and thickening of the villi. Bacteria invaded the intestinal wall of some of the animals. Animals killed 24 hours after the last dose of the drug showed no significant change from the normal controls.The findings support the hypothesis that bacteria are removed mechanically from the normal small intestine by peristalsis. Certain of the histological changes are similar to those seen in the small intestine in malabsorptive conditions in man and the relationship between hypomotility, the bacterial population, and malabsorption is discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Bacteriological and histological studies of the small intestine of rats treated with mecamylamine

Dixon¹,

Paulley²

1963

Gut

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“…The lesions of intestinal anaphylaxis, including banded congestion, are very similar to the lesions produced in rat intestine by histamine-liberating agents [21], by immune complexes [22,23] and by human serum [24]. In the case of the lesions induced in rats by human serum, as in the present work, the pale (less affected) bands contained terminal vessels while the dark (more affected) bands did not, and the antimesenteric side (further from arterial blood supply) was more affected than the mesenteric side (closer to arterial blood supply).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Distribution of Small Intestinal Lesions in Anaphylaxis of Rats

Levine

Saltzman

1998

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Hemorrhage and congestion were not uniformly distributed along the small intestine during systemic anaphylaxis in rats. Duodenum had little hemorrhage and congestion and the terminal ileum had even less. Maximum involvement occurred in jejunum of 13% of rats, in ileum of 47%, and in both jejunum and ileum of 40%. Sequential scoring along the entire length of small intestine revealed different patterns of distribution with more than one peak of intensity in some of the rats. Within a lesioned area, banding was common except where hemorrhage and congestion were so severe as to obliterate all patterns. Banding represented a gradient of injury with respect to the vascular supply. The pale stripes (less severe hemorrhage) contained the penetrating vessels derived from the terminal mesenteric arcades. The dark stripes (more severe hemorrhage) did not contain such vessels. In addition, the mesenteric side of the intestine was less affected than the antimesenteric side. This constituted a second gradient that might also be related to the distance from the vascular supply. In both instances, proximity to larger blood vessels had a protective effect. These two gradients and the variable sites and patterns of distribution have not been described previously in intestinal anaphylaxis. Gradients and the variability of the distribution of lesions in intestinal anaphylaxis should be considered in experiments on pathogenesis and altered function.

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“…Necrosis of the small intestine similar to that produced by endotoxin, tumour necrosis factor 1 or platelet-activating factor 2 is a feature characteristic of rat anaphylaxis, 3,4 its pathogenetic mechanism being a direct consequence of triggering the cascade of chemical mediators from mast cells by IgE-dependent mechanisms. This necrosis is histologically identical to that seen in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide decreases intestinal haemorrhagic lesions in rat anaphylaxis independently of mast cell activation

Tavares

Moreno²,

Crespo

1997

Mediators of Inflammation

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The purpose of this study is to assess the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the intestinal lesions of passive anaphylaxis, since this experimental model resembles necrotizing enterocolitis. Sprague-Dawley rats were sensitized with IgE anti-dinitrophenol monoclonal antibody. Extravasation of protein-rich plasma and haemorrhagia were measured in the small intestine. Plasma histamine was measured to assess mast cell activation. The effect of exogenous NO on the lesions was assessed by using two structurally unrelated NO-donors: sodium nitroprusside and S-nitroso-Nacetyl-penicillamine (SNAP). An increased basal production of NO was observed in cells taken after anaphylaxis, associated with a reduced response to platelet-activating factor, interleukin 1beta, and IgE/DNP-bovine serum albumin complexes. The response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide and dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) was enhanced 24 h after challenge, but at earlier times was not significantly different from that observed in controls. Treatment with either sodium nitroprusside or SNAP produced a significant reduction of the haemorrhagic lesions, which are a hallmark of rat anaphylaxis. The extravasation of protein-rich plasma was not influenced by NO-donors. The increase of plasma histamine elicited by the anaphylactic challenge was not influenced by SNAP treatment. NO-donors protect intestinal haemorrhagic lesions of rat anaphylaxis by a mechanism apparently independent of mast cell histamine release.

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Intestinal lesions following histamine liberation in the rat

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Bacteriological and histological studies of the small intestine of rats treated with mecamylamine

Bacteriological and histological studies of the small intestine of rats treated with mecamylamine

Distribution of Small Intestinal Lesions in Anaphylaxis of Rats

Nitric oxide decreases intestinal haemorrhagic lesions in rat anaphylaxis independently of mast cell activation

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