Interventions for preventing falls in elderly people

Gillespie, Lesley D; Wj, Gillespie; Robertson, M. Clare; Lamb, Simon; Cumming, R. G.; Rowe, BH

doi:10.1016/s0031-9406(05)60487-7

Cited by 363 publications

(512 citation statements)

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“…Gillespie et al 20 e Lun et al 21 apontaram os efeitos da atividade física como forma de prevenir e/ou minimizar o risco de quedas em idosos. Como discutido anteriormente, as baixas correlações entre QBMI e EEFB e entre QBMI e TUG não devem ser analisadas como um resultado contrário a esses estudos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Risco de quedas em idosos com doença de Parkinson e demência de Alzheimer: um estudo transversal

Christofoletti¹,

Oliani²,

Gobbi³

et al. 2006

Rev. bras. fisioter.

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RESUMOObjetivo: Comparar o risco de quedas entre idosos com doença de Parkinson (DP), demência de Alzheimer (DA) e saudáveis (controle). Além disso, pretendeu-se analisar as relações do risco de quedas com declínio cognitivo e com nível de atividade física. Método: vinte idosos, sendo sete com DP (69,57 ± 2,40 anos), seis com DA (77,5 ± 2,32 anos) e sete saudáveis (74,71 ± 2,58 anos), foram avaliados por meio dos seguintes instrumentos: Escala de Equilíbrio Funcional de Berg (EEFB), Timed Up and Go test (TUG), Mini-Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e Questionário Baecke Modificado para Idosos (QBMI). Resultados: O teste de Kruskal-Wallis apontou diferença significativa entre os grupos, tanto em relação à EEFB (KW=9,67, p<0,01), quanto em relação ao TUG (KW=9,14, p<0,01, para tempo despendido, e KW=10,04, p<0,01, para número de passos). A "análise aos pares" do teste post-hoc de Bonferroni apontou comprometimento maior do equilíbrio no grupo DA, no qual também foram observados menores valores no MEEM. O grupo DP foi caracterizado por apresentar um maior nível de atividade física. A análise de correlação de Spearman apontou correlação baixa entre MEEM e EEFB (r s =0,59); entre MEEM e TUG (r s =-0,62 e r s =-0,52); entre QBMI e EEFB (r s =0,54); e entre QBMI e TUG (r s =-0,39 e r s =-0,42). Conclusões: As baixas correlações observadas devem ser analisadas com cautela, pois tais variáveis sofrem influência de múltiplos fatores. No grupo DA, o declínio cognitivo pode estar relacionado ao maior risco de quedas e, no grupo DP, a atividade física pode ter auxiliado a manter um risco de quedas próximo ao grupo controle.Palavras-chave: risco de quedas, doença de Parkinson, demência de Alzheimer. ABSTRACT Risk of Falls Among Elderly People with Parkinson's Disease and Alzheimer's Dementia: A Cross-Sectional StudyObjective: To compare the risk of falls among elderly people with Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and among healthy peers (controls). In addition, the aim was to analyze relationships between risk of falls and cognitive decay and between risk of falls and physical activity. Method: Twenty subjects were assessed: seven with PD (69.57 ± 2.40 years), six with AD (77.5 ± 2.32 years) and seven healthy peers (74.71 ± 2.58 years). The following instruments were used: Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go test (TUG), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Modified Baecke Questionnaire for Older Adults (MBQOA). Results: The Kruskal-Wallis (KW) test indicated significant differences between the groups, relating to BBS (KW = 9.67, p<0.01) and TUG (KW = 9.14, p<0.01, for time expended, and KW = 10.04, p<0.01, for number of steps). Bonferroni post--hoc pairs analysis showed that balance was highly compromised in the AD group, such that lower MMSE values were observed. The PD group was characterized by presenting higher levels of physical activity. Spearman's test produced low correlations between MMSE and BBS (r s =0.59); MMSE and TUG (r s =-0.52 and r s =-0.62); MBQOA and BBS (r s =0.54); and MBQOA and...

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Section: Discussionunclassified

“…A fisioterapia e a atividade física constituem ferramentas importantes para prevenir e/ou minimizar déficits de equilíbrio em idosos 20,21 . Benefícios da intervenção motora foram constatados nos sistemas cardiovascular, neuromuscular e sensorial 7,22 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Risco de quedas em idosos com doença de Parkinson e demência de Alzheimer: um estudo transversal

Christofoletti¹,

Oliani²,

Gobbi³

et al. 2006

Rev. bras. fisioter.

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“…Two Cochrane reviews and 2 meta-analyses have partially examined this issue with mixed results. [14][15][16][17] However, none of these reviews focused on the acute care inpatient population. In fact, the majority of the data analyzed for inpatients was from rehabilitation wards and longterm care wards.…”

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confidence: 99%

Meta‐analysis: Multidisciplinary fall prevention strategies in the acute care inpatient population

DiBardino

Cohen

Didwania

2012

Journal of Hospital Medicine

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BACKGROUND:Inpatient falls are common adverse events that lead to inpatient injury, increased length of stay, healthcare costs, litigation, and are a focus of patient safety and healthcare quality. Fall prevention methods are currently evolving to address the problem.PURPOSE:To examine the available data evaluating multidisciplinary fall prevention strategies in the acute inpatient setting.DATA SOURCES:A complete literature search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library through December 2011 was used. The bibliographies of all systematic reviews and meta‐analyses were hand searched.STUDY SELECTION:Only primary research studies relating to acute care inpatient hospital multidisciplinary fall prevention were included. Selected papers were assessed for quality by 2 authors using a 20‐point scale previously used in the fall literature.DATA EXTRACTION:Each selected study was carefully hand searched by 2 authors for the purposes of data extraction. Study results, in fall rate per 1000‐patient days, and the characteristics of the interventions used were extracted for analysis.DATA SYNTHESIS:Effect sizes (odds ratios) and 95% confidence intervals were derived for individual studies and then combined across research reports using a random‐effects meta‐analysis.CONCLUSIONS:Fall prevention strategies have a significant but small effect on fall rates despite the use of complex, multidisciplinary interventions. Additional randomized trials are needed to examine the possible benefits of multidisciplinary fall prevention strategies in the acute inpatient setting. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012; © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine

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“…In addition, successful performance of b a l a n c e i s e s s e n t i a l f o r e s t a b l i s h i n g a comprehensive strategy for overcoming the challenges to intrinsic, environmental, and behavioral factors 27,28) . On the account of necessity of such multiple factors, the physical impairment of musculoskeletal/neural structures can increase the risk of subsequent fall and injuries 27,29) . In particular, balance dysfunction is a very important issue in the elderly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mental Training on the Balance Control Ability of Healthy Subjects

Choi

Nam³

et al. 2010

J Phys Ther Sci

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Abstract. [Purpose] This study investigated the effect of physical training with visual feedback and mental training with motor imagery on balance control ability.[Subjects] Twenty-one healthy adults (male/ female: 7/14, mean age: 19.8 ± 0.1 years) with no history of neurological or orthopedic problems were enrolled in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into a physical training group (PTG), a mental training group (MTG), and a control group (CG).[Methods] PTG and MTG performed a dynamic balance task with physical and mental training, respectively, in a 30-minute training session, 5 days a week for 3 weeks. The CG did not receive any training. The outcomes of postural balance were evaluated in terms of the performance time and sway length measured by a force platform. [Results] In the baseline test, the three groups showed similar demographic data, performance time, and sway length. The PTG and MTG showed a significant decrease in performance time, but neither group showed any significant change in sway length. There was no significant difference in the CG.[Conclusion] Our findings indicate that physical balance training with visual feedback as well as mental balance training with motor imagery is effective. Therefore, mental training could contribute to improving dynamic balance ability in a cost-effective home-based training program.

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Interventions for preventing falls in elderly people

Cited by 363 publications

References 0 publications

Risco de quedas em idosos com doença de Parkinson e demência de Alzheimer: um estudo transversal

Risco de quedas em idosos com doença de Parkinson e demência de Alzheimer: um estudo transversal

Meta‐analysis: Multidisciplinary fall prevention strategies in the acute care inpatient population

Effect of Mental Training on the Balance Control Ability of Healthy Subjects

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