Interspecific genetics of speciation phenotypes: song and preference coevolution in Hawaiian crickets

Oh, Kevin P.; Fergus, Daniel J.; Grace, Jaime L.; Shaw, Kerry L.

doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02531.x

Cited by 34 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Although there was a high degree of variation among the individuals (CV ranging from 21% to 58% with a similar distribution between the two species), PC analysis of the eight courtship song variables showed no significant differences between species ( F 1,20 = 0.75, P = 0.41), populations ( F 2,20 = 0.19, P = 0.89) or an effect of male age ( F 1,20 = 0.09, P = 0.86). Pulse rate (the inverse of pulse period), which was suggested to be a driving factor in female preferences in Laupala cerasina and L. eukolea crickets [39], was more variable in G. firmus than G. pennsylvanicus (F- test, F 15,10 = 6.03, P < 0.05) but did not show differences in magnitude between the two species (Wilcoxon Rank Sum test U 11,16 = 123, P > 0.05).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to gene exchange in hybridizing field crickets: the role of male courtship effort and cuticular hydrocarbons

et al. 2014

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BackgroundPre-zygotic barriers often involve some form of sexual selection, usually interpreted as female choice, as females are typically the choosier sex. However, males typically show some mate preferences, which are increasingly reported. Here we document previously uncharacterized male courtship behavior (effort and song) and cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles in the hybridizing crickets Gryllus firmus and G. pennsylvanicus. These two species exhibit multiple barriers to gene exchange that act throughout their life history, including a behavioral barrier that results in increased time to mate in heterospecific pairs.ResultsWe demonstrated that male mate choice (as courtship effort allocation) plays a more important role in the prezygotic behavioral barrier than previously recognized. In gryllids females ultimately decide whether or not to mate, yet we found males were selective by regulating courtship effort intensity toward the preferred (conspecific) females. Females were also selective by mating with more intensely courting males, which happened to be conspecifics. We report no differences in courtship song between the two species and suggest that the mechanism that allows males to act differentially towards conspecific and heterospecific females is the cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) composition. CHC profiles differed between males and females of both species, and there were clear differences in CHC composition between female G. firmus and G. pennsylvanicus but not between the males of each species.ConclusionAlthough many barriers to gene exchange are known in this system, the mechanism behind the mate recognition leading to reduced heterospecific mating remains unknown. The CHC profiles might be the phenotypic cue that allow males to identify conspecifics and thus to adjust their courtship intensity accordingly, leading to differential mating between species.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to gene exchange in hybridizing field crickets: the role of male courtship effort and cuticular hydrocarbons

et al. 2014

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“…The most conspicuous character differentiating the species is pulse rate of the male calling song, a sexually selected trait that is genetically regulated (Otte 1994; Shaw 2000a; Shaw 1996). Females show phonotactic preference for conspecific pulse rates (Shaw 2000b; Oh et al 2012), demonstrating that pulse rate may function as an interspecific mating barrier. Species of Laupala have also been shown to display daily behavioral rhythms whereby males sing and courting pairs mate at predictable times during daylight hours (Danley et al 2007; Fergus et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Rhythms and Period Expression in the Hawaiian Cricket Genus Laupala

Fergus

Shaw

2013

Behav Genet

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Daily activity times and circadian rhythms of crickets have been a subject of behavioral and physiological study for decades. However, recent studies suggest that the underlying molecular mechanism of cricket endogenous clocks differ from the model of circadian rhythm generation in Drosophila. Here we examine the circadian free-running periods of walking and singing in two Hawaiian swordtail cricket species, Laupala cerasina and Laupala paranigra, that differ in the daily timing of mating related activities. Additionally, we examine variation in sequence and daily cycling of the period (per) gene transcript between these species. The species differed significantly in free-running period of singing, but did not differ significantly in the free-running period of locomotion. Like in Drosophila, per transcript abundance showed cycling consistent with a role in circadian rhythm generation. The amino acid differences identified between these species suggest a potential of the per gene in interspecific behavioral variation in Laupala.

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“…Sex‐linked traits also tend to show higher evolutionary rates because they are more frequently expressed and thus more frequently exposed to selection (Qvarnström & Bailey, ). In line with earlier findings for Teleogryllus (Bentley & Hoy, ; Hoy, ) and Laupala crickets (Shaw, ; Shaw et al ., ; Oh et al ., ), we observed that the pulse rate and carrier frequency of reciprocal F1 hybrid cross lines resembled the maternal parent more than the paternal parent. The four F2 lines did not differ in their mean phenotype indicating that maternal effects are unlikely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, this method is highly sensitive to the presence of nonadditive genetic variation and even more to the sample size of the F2 hybrid or backcross generation (which should be over 100 following Lande, ) and is likely to provide biologically meaningless results given our data (Zeng et al ., ; Zeng, ). Nevertheless, based on our observations here, the studies of genetic control of song production in Australian Teleogryllus species (Bentley & Hoy, ; Hoy, ) and biometric and QTL mapping experiments in Hawaiian Laupala crickets (Shaw, ; Shaw et al ., ; Oh et al ., ), we infer that several unlinked loci (each potentially containing up to several genes) underlie the variation in song and preference traits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic variation and covariation indicate high evolvability of acoustic communication in crickets

Blankers

Lübke

Hennig

2015

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Studying the genetic architecture of sexual traits provides insight into the rate and direction at which traits can respond to selection. Traits associated with few loci and limited genetic and phenotypic constraints tend to evolve at high rates typically observed for secondary sexual characters. Here, we examined the genetic architecture of song traits and female song preferences in the field crickets Gryllus rubens and Gryllus texensis. Song and preference data were collected from both species and interspecific F1 and F2 hybrids. We first analysed phenotypic variation to examine interspecific differentiation and trait distributions in parental and hybrid generations. Then, the relative contribution of additive and additive-dominance variation was estimated. Finally, phenotypic variance-covariance (P) matrices were estimated to evaluate the multivariate phenotype available for selection. Song traits and preferences had unimodal trait distributions, and hybrid offspring were intermediate with respect to the parents. We uncovered additive and dominance variation in song traits and preferences. For two song traits, we found evidence for X-linked inheritance. On the one hand, the observed genetic architecture does not suggest rapid divergence, although sex linkage may have allowed for somewhat higher evolutionary rates. On the other hand, P matrices revealed that multivariate variation in song traits aligned with major dimensions in song preferences, suggesting a strong selection response. We also found strong covariance between the main traits that are sexually selected and traits that are not directly selected by females, providing an explanation for the striking multivariate divergence in male calling songs despite limited divergence in female preferences.

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Interspecific genetics of speciation phenotypes: song and preference coevolution in Hawaiian crickets

Cited by 34 publications

References 51 publications

Barriers to gene exchange in hybridizing field crickets: the role of male courtship effort and cuticular hydrocarbons

Barriers to gene exchange in hybridizing field crickets: the role of male courtship effort and cuticular hydrocarbons

Circadian Rhythms and Period Expression in the Hawaiian Cricket Genus Laupala

Phenotypic variation and covariation indicate high evolvability of acoustic communication in crickets

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