Interrelationships between feeding, food deprivation and swimming performance in juvenile grass carp

Cai, Ling; Fang, Min; Johnson, David M.; Lin, Shaohui; Tu, Zhiying; Liu, Guoyong; Huang, Yuyang

doi:10.3354/ab00546

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In contrast, food deprivation has been found to impede swimming performance in some fish species (i.e. grass carp, Ctenopharynodon idellus; Cai et al, 2014), while the stress response does not (Gregory and Wood, 1999). This may be a possible explanation for the apparent differences in rates of partial migration; therefore, a focused evaluation of the swimming performance and energetics of individuals from these treatments is warranted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and food deprivation: linking physiological state to migration success in a teleost fish

Midwood

Larsen

Aarestrup

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Food deprivation is a naturally occurring stressor that is thought to influence the ultimate life-history strategy of individuals. Little is known about how food deprivation interacts with other stressors to influence migration success. European populations of brown trout (Salmo trutta) exhibit partial migration, whereby a portion of the population smoltifies and migrates to the ocean, and the rest remain in their natal stream. This distinct, natural dichotomy of life-history strategies provides an excellent opportunity to explore the roles of energetic state (as affected by food deprivation) and activation of the glucocorticoid stress response in determining life-history strategy and survival of a migratory species. Using an experimental approach, the relative influences of short-term food deprivation and experimental cortisol elevation (i.e. intra-coelomic injection of cortisol suspended in cocoa butter) on migratory status, survival and growth of juvenile brown trout relative to a control were evaluated. Fewer fish migrated in both the food deprivation and cortisol treatments; however, migration of fish in cortisol and control treatments occurred at the same time while that of fish in the food deprivation treatment was delayed for approximately 1 week. A significantly greater proportion of trout in the food deprivation treatment remained in their natal stream, but unlike the cortisol treatment, there were no long-term negative effects of food deprivation on growth, relative to the control. Overall survival rates were comparable between the food deprivation and control treatments, but significantly lower for fish in the cortisol treatment. Food availability and individual energetic state appear to dictate the future life-history strategy (migrate or remain resident) of juvenile salmonids while experimental elevation of the stress hormone cortisol causes impaired growth and reduced survival of both resident and migratory individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and food deprivation: linking physiological state to migration success in a teleost fish

Midwood

Larsen

Aarestrup

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…It has been suggested that EPOC is lower and recovery more rapid in active fish due to higher cardio-respiratory capacity and the ability to extract oxygen from the environment and distribute it to the tissues more rapidly (Hancock & Gleeson 2008). However, the cost of such a high-capacity cardiorespiratory system is a high expenditure of maintenance energy, as suggested by the higher pre-exercise MO 2 in fasting carps (Cai et al 2014b). In the present study, EPOC, measured over a 60 min recovery period, was 65.20 mg O 2 kg −1 for A. baerii, a relatively low value, indicating a high recovery capability, so that resting pools for fishways can be less extensive.…”

Section: Oxygen Consumption and Swimming Performancementioning

confidence: 98%

“…The range for several cyprinid species is 1.1 to 3.0 (Videler & Nolet 1990). The value of the speed exponent is inversely related to swimming efficiency (Tu et al 2012, Cai et al 2014b). For sturgeons, including A. baerii, the speed exponent is low, indicating a high swimming efficiency.…”

Section: Oxygen Consumption and Swimming Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model assumes that energy expenditure increases with swimming speed (Ohlberger et al 2007, Clark et al 2013. In previous studies (Lee et al 2003, Cai et al 2013, 2014b (2) TBF (2) Swimming speed (BL s -1 ) .96, p < 0.05), whereas the swimming speed index obtained by the power equation can be used for comparison with other species. Therefore, in this paper we simultaneously used 2 ways to express the relationship between MO 2 and U, but the model fit shown in Fig.…”

Section: Oxygen Consumption and Swimming Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxygen consumption and swimming behavior of juvenile Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii during stepped velocity tests

Yuan¹,

Cai²,

Johnson³

et al. 2016

Aquat. Biol.

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Oxygen consumption rate (MO 2 ) and critical swimming speed (U crit ) of juvenile Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii were measured at 24°C using a step-wise velocity test in a flume-type respirometer. Swimming behavior was video-recorded before and after the swimming experiment in a respirometer and an open tank. The relationship between MO 2 and swimming speed (U) can be accurately described by a power function. The U crit of A. baerii was found to be 2.28 ± 0.09 body lengths (BL) s −1 or 0.51 ± 0.05 m s −1

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“…high water velocity or predation stress). Recently, the competition between digestion and swimming under a postprandial locomotion status has drawn the attention of scientists (Alsop & Wood 1997, Thorarensen & Farrell 2006, Altimiras et al 2008, JourdanPineau et al 2010, Cai et al 2014b). These 2 physiological activities can be performed independentlythe so-called additive meta bolic mode found in fish species such as the common carp Cyprinus carpio (Pang et al 2011) and the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (Alti miras et al 2008, Jourdan-Pineau et al 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of temperature and digestion on the swimming performance of juvenile Chinese bream

Peng¹,

Cao²,

Fu³

2014

Aquat. Biol.

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Fish that are active foragers usually perform routine activities while digesting their food; thus, postprandial swimming capacity might be ecologically important. To test whether digestion affected swimming performance in an active forager and whether the possible effects varied with temperature, we investigated the critical swimming speed (U crit ) and the resting and active metabolic rate (MO 2 ) of fasted and fed juvenile Chinese bream Parabramis pekinensis after 30 d exposure to 3 temperatures (15, 20, and 25°C). In fasted fish, U crit , resting and active MO 2 all increased with temperature. Digestion elicited a significant increase in MO 2 , which was enhanced at higher temperatures. Compared to fasted fish, fed fish exhibited significantly lower U crit in both the 25 and 20°C groups, whereas no significant difference in U crit was observed between fasted and fed fish in the 15°C group. Furthermore, digestion resulted in a significantly higher active MO 2 in the 15°C group, whereas no significant difference in active MO 2 was observed between fasted and fed fish in the 20 and 25°C groups. This suggests that the bream adopted an additive metabolic mode, i.e. digestion and swimming were performed independently at low temperatures, but shifted to a digestion-priority mode at higher temperatures due to a shortage of oxygen resulting from an increased digestive and locomotive oxygen demand. The present study contradicted our hypothesis that an active cyprinid with high swimming per formance would give priority to locomotion when the oxygen supply was insufficient to meet the metabolic demands of both digestion and swimming.

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Interrelationships between feeding, food deprivation and swimming performance in juvenile grass carp

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

Stress and food deprivation: linking physiological state to migration success in a teleost fish

Stress and food deprivation: linking physiological state to migration success in a teleost fish

Oxygen consumption and swimming behavior of juvenile Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii during stepped velocity tests

Effects of temperature and digestion on the swimming performance of juvenile Chinese bream

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