Interpreting the behaviour of calves in an open-field test: a factor analysis

Passillé, A.M. de; Rushen, J.; Martin, François

doi:10.1016/0168-1591(95)00622-y

Cited by 102 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Although the environment was not totally unknown to our animals, the arena was bigger at the age of 355 days. The results of Passillé [50] suggest this as well. May be, the individual differences in nervousness are stable with age.…”

Section: Consistency Of Locomotor Behaviour Over Timementioning

confidence: 61%

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Influence of Age, Gender and Sire Line on Young Cattle Behaviour Traits

Brouček¹,

Uhrinčať²,

Arave³

et al. 2013

JCEA

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The aim of this study was to test effects of age, gender, and sire line on dairy cattle behaviour. We have analyzed results of ethological tests for 40 Holstein breed animals (23 males and 17 females), offsprings of three sires. Maintenance behaviour were observed at the age of 90, 130 and 170 days. Behaviour in the maze was conducted at the age of 119 days, an open-field test was applied at the age of 124, 168, and 355 days. The social behaviour was determined by feeding on 155th day of the age. The times and the number of periods in all activities of maintenance behaviour were changing significantly (P<0.001) according to the age. The total time of lying, lying with ruminating, ruminating, feeding was increasing from the age of 90 days to the age of 170 days, on the other hand the time of standing was decreasing.The times of total lying, lying with ruminating, total ruminating, feeding were increased, and time of standing was decreased from the age of 90 days to the age of 170 days. Calves spent more time lying on the left side than on the right side. The number of ruminating periods was increasing according to the age. Eating periods were decreasing from the age of 90 to 170 days. The most of lying periods were recorded at the age of 130 days. The differences between sex were found in total time of lying, lying on the right side (P<0.05), and the males rest longer and had more periods of lying than females. We have found differences in times of feeding (P<0.001), total lying, standing (P<0.01), and lying on the left side (P<0.05) according to sire by comparing behaviour of the calves. Sire genotypes were significantly manifested in period number of total lying (P<0.001), lying on the right side, feeding (P<0.01), and standing (P<0.05). Males stood in the first part of maze longer than females (P<0.001), also length of total standing was longer by bulls (P<0.01). Heifers took shorter time to leave the maze than bulls (P<0.05). Sire lineages significantly differed in times of standing in the first part of maze and maze leaving. We did not find any significant differences either among sire lineage groups or between genders in locomotor behaviour measured by the number of crossed squares in open-field test. During all observations were more mobile heifers. No significant differences were found between males and females in social behaviour. The sire line influenced only the number of total duels (P<0.001). We found significant positive relationship between live body weight and time of staying in the first part of maze (r=0.3957**), time of maze leaving (r=0.3720**), and number of total and win duels (0.4031**, 0.3216*). Significant relationships were recorded in almost maintenance behaviour activities (P<0.001). Consistency of locomotor behaviour was proved only between the ages of 124 and 168 days (r=0.3177*). Significant relationship between maze behaviours and number of crossed squares were found only in ages of 119 and 124 days (r=-0.3721**; r=-0.4110**; r=-0.3994**).Keywords: cattle, growth, behaviour...

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Section: Consistency Of Locomotor Behaviour Over Timementioning

confidence: 61%

“…The open-field behaviour resulted from two factors: their level of general activity and their disturbance in response to novelty [51,50]. But there is a certain risk of subjectivity.…”

Section: Relationship Between the Maze And Locomotor Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Age, Gender and Sire Line on Young Cattle Behaviour Traits

Brouček¹,

Uhrinčať²,

Arave³

et al. 2013

JCEA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Nevertheless, some open field studies reported intra-test consistency over time when the repetitions between tests are close and in cows [45,46] while in calves there were no stability [42]. The most repeatable variables are movement, vocalizations, time spent immobile and exploration but at various levels according to studies.…”

Section: Repeatabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These tests are usually done one by one, but in some studies combined tests are carried out for example by including a novel object or a human, another calf or food in the novel environment right from the start [28,42,43].…”

Section: Fear Tests In Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review of fear tests used on cattle, pigs, sheep, poultry and horses

Forkman¹,

Boissy

Meunier-Salaün

et al. 2007

Physiology & Behavior

740

626

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FORKMAN, B., A., BOISSY, M.-C., SALAÜN, E., CANALI, AND R.B., JONES. A critical review of fear tests used on cattle, pigs, sheep, poultry and horses. PHYSIOL. BEHAV. 000-000, 2007. Fear is arguably the most commonly investigated emotion in domestic animals. In the current review we attempt to establish the level of repeatability and validity found for fear tests used on cattle, pigs, sheep and goats, poultry and horses. We focus the review on the three most common types of fear tests: the arena test (open field), the novel object test, and the restraint test. For some tests, e.g. tonic immobility in poultry, there is a good and broad literature on factors that affect the outcome of the test, the validity of the test and its age dependency. However, there are comparatively few of these well defined and validated tests and what is especially missing for most tests is information on the robustness, i.e., what aspects can be changed without affecting the validity of the tests. The relative absence of standardized tests hampers the development of applied ethology as a science.

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“…Quando o fornecimento de leite é combinado com a visualização do tratador o nível de medo é menor do que aqueles animais que são amamentados sem visualização do tratador, ressaltando a importância da relação homem-animal (Jago et al, 1999). Bezerras das raças leiteiras são capazes de diferenciar os tratadores que manejam com ações "positivas", como fornecimento de leite e carícias, daqueles que manejavam ações "negativas" como tapas e empurrões (Passillé et al, 1995). Durante o período de aleitamento bezerras que são manejadas com contatos "positivos" como toques leves, fornecimento de concentrado e feno se tornam animais mais dóceis nos meses subsequentes (Boivin et al, 1992a, Boivin et al, 1992b.…”

Section: Pubvetunclassified

Relação homem-animal durante procedimento clínico cirúrgico e pós-operatório em bezerro Holandês Preto e Branco acometido por atresia anal: Relato de Caso

Amaral

Trevisan

2018

Pubvet

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RESUMO.Este relato tem o objetivo de descrever a relação homem-animal durante tratamento clínico-cirúrgico e pós-operatório em bezerro holandês acometido por atresia anal e seus possíveis efeitos no bem-estar e no ganho de peso. Atresia anal é uma malformação congênita com oclusões no reto e ânus que ocorre nos animais e no homem. O bem-estar de animais afetados por dor e sofrimento no pós-operatório pode ser influenciado pela relação homem-animal. O animal nasceu em 2016 e após 48 horas constatou-se atresia anal ocasionando dor e sofrimento. Realizou-se cirurgia de emergência com sedação, anestesia local e epidural. A avaliação do bem-estar foi realizada pelos indicadores clínicos, comportamentais, fisiológicos e ganho de peso. No pós-operatório administrou-se antibiótico, anti-inflamatório e polivitamínicos. Após cirurgia observou-se eliminação de gases e mecônio, seguindo com evacuações normais até a alta. A ferida cirúrgica apresentou-se boas condições, no entanto, as fezes apresentavam estrias de sangue, fibrina e tenesmo retal. O animal normalizou o apetite e apresentou-se ativo e com vigor ao término da cirurgia, explorou o ambiente e utilizou a cama macia nos momentos de descanso e vocalizava antes do aleitamento. Disponibilizou-se feno picado e ração, o que favoreceu alteração na consistência das fezes passando de semipastosa para pastosa. No pós-operatório estabeleceu-se interação homem-animal onde foi possível notar contatos positivos como deixar-se afagar, deixar sugar os dedos, roçar em humanos, evidenciando comportamentos lúdicos como perseguições, brincar, correr, manipulações com objetivos, coices no ar e cabecear. Os indicadores fisiológicos foram normalizados. O ganho de peso foi de 11 kg em 25 dias. Conclui-se que durante os primeiros 30 dias o tratamento clínico cirúrgico e pós-operatório o animal apresentou boa evolução clínica e que os cuidados humanitários com ações "positivas" na relação homem-animal influenciaram no bem-estar e no ganho de peso.Palavras chave: anomalia anorretal, bem-estar, bovino, cirurgia, malformação congênita Human-animal relationship during surgical clinical procedure and postoperative calf Holstein Black and White stricken by anal atresia: Case Report ABSTRACT. This relate tells the objective of describing human-animal relation during clinical-surgical treatment and postoperative treatment in Holstein calf treated by anal atresia and its possible effects on well-being and gaining weight. Anal atresia is a congenital malformation with occlusions in the challenge and anus that occurs in animals and in human. The well-being of animals afflicted by pain and suffering in the

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Interpreting the behaviour of calves in an open-field test: a factor analysis

Cited by 102 publications

References 27 publications

Influence of Age, Gender and Sire Line on Young Cattle Behaviour Traits

Influence of Age, Gender and Sire Line on Young Cattle Behaviour Traits

A critical review of fear tests used on cattle, pigs, sheep, poultry and horses

Relação homem-animal durante procedimento clínico cirúrgico e pós-operatório em bezerro Holandês Preto e Branco acometido por atresia anal: Relato de Caso

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