Interpreting abnormality: an EEG and MEG study of P50 and the auditory paired-stimulus paradigm

Edgar, J. Christopher; Huang, Mingxiong; Weisend, Michael P.; Sherwood, Andrea R.; Miller, Gregory A.; Adler, Larry; Cañive, José M.

doi:10.1016/s0301-0511(03)00094-2

Cited by 76 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…P50 source localization studies have yielded mixed results, with various reports placing the origin of the P50 in the auditory cortex (Wood and Wolpaw, 1982;Weisser et al, 2001), hippocampus (Goff et al, 1980), reticular structures (Erwin and Buchwald, 1986), and frontal cortex (Weisser et al, 2001). Magnetoencephalographic data showed that the M50, the magnetic analog of the P50, was localized in the superior temporal gyri (Edgar et al, 2003). Sensory gating may be a multi-step process, with an early phase subserved by the temporo-parietal and prefrontal cortices and a later phase mediated by the hippocampus (Grunwald et al, 2003).…”

Section: Limitations and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

P50 sensory gating and attentional performance

Wan

Friedman

Boutros

et al. 2008

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Sensory gating refers to the preattentional filtering of irrelevant sensory stimuli. This process may be impaired in schizotypy, which is a trait also associated with cigarette smoking. This association may in part stem from the positive effects of smoking on sensory gating and attention. The relationship among sensory gating, smoking, schizotypy and attention was examined in 39 undergraduates. Sensory gating was indexed by the P50 suppression paradigm, and attention was measured by the Attention Network Test (ANT) and a Stroop task. Results showed sensory gating to be positively correlated with performances on ANT and Stroop reflected in better alerting, less conflict between stimuli, faster reaction time, and greater accuracy. Smokers showed a pattern of a greater number of significant correlations between sensory gating and attention in comparison to non-smokers, although the relationship between sensory gating and attention was not affected by schizotypy. The majority of significant correlations were found in the region surrounding Cz. These findings are discussed relative to the potential modifying influence of smoking and schizotypy on sensory gating and attention.

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Section: Limitations and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

P50 sensory gating and attentional performance

Wan

Friedman

Boutros

et al. 2008

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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“…Specifically, although such far-field potentials are easily recorded with EEG, given the distance of the sources from the scalp they are difficult to record using MEG. On the other hand, MEG is well suited for studying individual superior temporal gyrus (STG) sources (e.g., see Edgar et al, 2003, which are typically active ~50-100ms post stimulus. With EEG, bilateral STG sources from the left and right hemisphere generate a maximum electric potential distribution on the top of the head (near Cz), and a minimum potential somewhere near the chin and neck area, a region where electrodes are generally not placed.…”

Section: Meg Compared To Eegmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiological signatures: Magnetoencephalographic studies of the neural correlates of language impairment in autism spectrum disorders

Roberts

Schmidt

Egeth

et al. 2008

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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While magnetoencephalography (MEG) is of increasing utility in the assessment of pediatric patients with seizure disorders, this indication reflects only a part of the clinical potential of the technology. Beyond epilepsy, a broad range of developmental psychiatric disorders require the combined offerings of spatial and temporal resolution, along with direct sensitivity to neural electrical activity, that are offered by MEG. This article reviews the application of MEG in the study of auditory processing as an aspect of language impairment in children. Potential application is elaborated in the clinical case of autism spectrum disorders, a devastating disorder with prevalence of 1 in 150, poorly served by alternative imaging modalities. MEG offers both spatial and temporal insights, tentatively described as "electrophysiological signatures". Results demonstrate the sensitivity of MEG for detection of abnormalities of auditory processing in ASD and their clinical correlates. These findings offer promise for the comprehensive assessment of developmental neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism, but also suggest avenues for the development of MEG technology to adequately meet the needs of such populations, as well as providing conduits to basic sciences including neurobiology and genetics.

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“…However, studies using EEG point to deeper midline structures as additional generators of the P50 evoked potential. In a study by Huotilainen et al (1998) where both magneto-encephalography (MEG) and EEG methodology was used, the generators of M50 did not fully explain the P50-evoked potential, indicating that other generators, apart from those located in the primary auditory cortex, were active, which has subsequently been indicated in later studies comparing the M50 and P50 (Onitsuka et al 2000;Edgar et al 2003). Studies from our own laboratory using a standard two click design with EEG recordings, identified three possible sources of the auditory elicited P50 potential, with two bilaterally located in the temporal (auditory) cortices, and one located in the frontal cortical area (Oranje et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%