Interpopulational Variations of Odorant-Binding Protein Expression in the Black Cutworm Moth, Agrotis ipsilon

Abstract

A long-range migrant species of moth (Agrotis ipsilon) has served as a model to compare the expression profiles of antennal proteins between different continental populations. Our results showed that the American and French populations of the black cutworm moth, A. ipsilon, expressed the same odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), but apparently in different levels. Electrophoretic analysis of antennal protein profiles and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction using RNA as a template showed significant differences between the two populations in the expression of antennal binding protein-X (ABPX) and general odorant-binding protein-2 (GOBP2). However, the two A. ipsilon populations showed no differences in RNA levels coding for pheromone binding proteins (PBPs), suggesting that the expression of generalist OBPs is population-specific and could be affected by specific odor and/or chemical changes in external environmental conditions. To support the role of ABPX and GOBP2 with expression, the role of ABPX and GOBP2 is discussed in regard to odor detection, memorization and/or degradation of toxic chemical insecticides.

Chemotaxis and parasitism of the Neotropical fruit fly parasitoidGanaspis pelleranoican be altered by pre‐imaginal and imaginal conditioning to fruit volatiles

“…The imaginal conditioning may have triggered a change in the behavior of G. pelleranoi by altering the biosynthesis of odorant‐binding proteins. These proteins are responsible for the perception of molecules of importance in the chemical communication of insects and their biosynthesis can be impacted, qualitatively and quantitatively, by both biotic and abiotic factors (Gadenne et al, 2016), including exposure to olfactory stimuli (Zhang et al, 2019; Picimbon, 2020). A unique exposure to a stimulus can induce sensitization, triggering new patterns of behavior towards a specific stimulus (Squire & Kandel, 1999).…”

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“…It is known that some wing color patterns can emerge in response to environmental stressors including temperature and climate change [ 109 , 110 ]. It’s interesting to note that certain antennal olfactory protein genes are induced in migrant moths in a population-dependent manner, which denotes that the antennal olfactory protein profile can be physiologically produced as a result of specific flowers, lands, crops, and/or plant odors [ 111 ]. This olfactory system adaptation is comparable to pattern adaptation, development, shape, and morphology of the butterfly wings.…”