Interplay between EBERS and P27 Tumor Suppressor Proteins in Molecular Transformation of Nasopharyngeal and Sinonasal Carcinomas

Jassim, Marwa Mohammed Ali; Mahmood, Majid Mohammed; Ali, Saad Hasan Mohammed; Kamal, Mohammed S.

doi:10.5958/0976-5506.2019.01394.9

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Additionally, it was shown that the disease causes the accumulation of high quantities of the proteins p53 and retinoblastoma (Groves et al, 2021). This study's findings are consistent with those of , who found a high prevalence of cytomegalovirus infections in the sinonasal and nasopharyngeal malignant tumors of a cohort of Iraqi patients, and suggest that cytomegalovirus may play an oncomodulatory role in the development of these tumors (Jassim et al, 2020). CMV has been implicated in modifying cellular immune responses in cancer in both human and preclinical investigations (Erkes et al, 2017;Meng et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The High Presence of HCMV pp71 Proteins, Correlate with P63 Expression in Pancreatic Cancer Tumor Tissue

Abdul-Razzaq¹,

Jassim

Mahmood

2023

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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Objective: The purpose of this retrospective investigation was (1) to screen the existence of HCMV in pancreatic cancer tissues in relation to the histopathological grading system of such tumor tissues. (2) To evaluate the expression of the (P63) tumor suppressor gene in these tissues. (3) To find out the impact of the coexistence of (HCMV) along with the p63 on the occurring histopathological alterations. Methods: The current retrospective cohort study included 35 paraffinized pancreatic tissues from the archives of major hospitals and numerous private histopathological laboratories from 2015 to 2020. (Twenty-five pancreatic carcinomatous tissues and 10 biopsies from seemingly normal pancreatic tissues were examined). Tissue slices from the desired tissue blocks were subjected to the immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique to detect Human Cytomegalovirus pp71 and tumor suppressor P63 proteins with aid of monoclonal primary antibodies. Results: The HCMV pp71 proteins were found in 92% (23 out of 25) of pancreatic tumor tissues, while it was in two (20%) of healthy pancreatic tissues. in comparison, the p63 proteins were found in 76% (19 out of 25) of tumor tissues and in four (40%) of their correlative healthy tissues. Conclusion: The increased expression of HCMV in malignant pancreatic tissue may indicate its primary or secondary role in the emergence of this type of cancer, whereupon HCMV inactivation may be useful in the treatment of this type of cancer. On the other hand, p63’s high levels of expression in malignant pancreatic tumors reflect either an oppressive function or an unfortunate mutation that prevents it from functioning.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The High Presence of HCMV pp71 Proteins, Correlate with P63 Expression in Pancreatic Cancer Tumor Tissue

Abdul-Razzaq¹,

Jassim

Mahmood

2023

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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“…e overall incidence of malnutrition in hospitalized malignant tumor patients in different countries is basically similar, such as 65.6% in Latin America, 69.2% in Argentina, 62.0% in Cuba, and 64.5% in China [4,5]. e literature used the actual body mass to ideal body mass ratio (IBW%) to evaluate the status malnutrition and found that different malignant tumors occur at different locations, and the incidence of malnutrition is different at different stages [6].…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effect of Nutritional Intervention on Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Lin

Ren

Lin

et al. 2022

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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Aim. The paper aims to combine mathematical statistics to assess the effect of nutritional intervention in the population of nasopharyngeal cancer patients. Methodology. After following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 120 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were selected. All patients are treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). The nurse collects relevant clinical treatment data during the radiotherapy of the patient. After the patient’s radiotherapy, the nurse remeasures the patient’s nutritional status indicators. Three months after the completion of radiotherapy, the patient will be reexamined by MRI, and the radiotherapist will assess the patient’s radiosensitivity based on the results of the MRI examination. All the blood biochemical indicators and body measurement indicators were also assessed and coordinated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. This study performs multiple linear regression analysis on treatment-related factors that affect nutritional status during radiotherapy. Results. The experimental results showed that the side effects of radiotherapy are independent influencing factors of nutritional status. Radiotherapy damages the DNA of cells, so that cells cannot continue to divide and grow, and all cells in the treatment area were affected by radiation. The standard radiotherapy treatment is quite long, and the oral cavity, throat, and parotid gland, are all within the irradiation range. In addition to killing the tumor cells, the radiation can also cause certain damage to the surrounding tissues of the tumor. This article takes radiosensitivity as the dependent variable (insensitivity = 0; sensitivity = 1) and takes the nutritional index NI, age, gender, education level, marriage, smoking, chronic disease history, TNM staging, whether the chemotherapy steps are the same or not, GTVnx prescription dose, and the number of radiotherapies as independent variables. AMC, albumin, hemoglobin, serum prealbumin, and transferrin are all correlated with radiosensitivity, which is consistent with the results of most studies. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that nutritional index (NI) was correlated with the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Conclusion. Finally, this paper concludes that nutritional intervention has a certain effect on the treatment of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

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“…IE1-p72 transactivates the promoters of numerous HCMV early genes including gene products that facilitate the replication process. It also interacts with the p107 protein through a domain at the N-terminus of IE1-p72 and increase the p107-mediated repression of E2F promoters leading to the inhibition of p107-mediated growth suppression [97]. Therefore, it appears that IE1-p72 can induce E2F activity.…”

Section: Lytic Replicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expression of IE1-p72 can promote S phase entry only in cells lacking p53 or p21 [96]. Controversial to that, IE1-p72 expression causes wild-type cells to arrest, most likely in G1 due to increased levels of p53 protein, which results in a p53-dependent induction of p21 expression and subsequent growth arrest [96,97]. IE2-p86 is expressed from the UL122 ORF during the IE phase of the replication cycle and is essential for HCMV replication [98].…”

Section: Lytic Replicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Herpetic Viruses and Immune Profiles

Jassim¹,

Mahmood²,

Hussein³

2021

Innate Immunity in Health and Disease

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Herpesviruses are large, spherical, enveloped viral particles with linear double-stranded DNA genome. Herpesvirus virion consists of an icosahedral capsid containing viral DNA, surrounded by a protein layer called tegument, and enclosed by an envelope consisting of a lipid bilayer with various glycoproteins. Herpesviruses persist lifelong in their hosts after primary infection by establishing a latent infection interrupted recurrently by reactivations. The Herpesviridae family is divided into three subfamilies; α-herpesviruses, β-herpesviruses, and γ-herpesviruses based on the genome organization, sequence homology, and biological properties. There are eight human herpes viruses: Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV-1, −2) andVaricella-zoster virus (VZV), which belong to the α-herpesvirus subfamily; Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), and Human herpesvirus type 6 and 7 (HHV-6,HHV-7), which belong to the β-herpesvirus subfamily; and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) or Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), which belong to the γ-herpesvirus subfamily. Within this chapter, we summarize the current knowledge about EBV and CMV, regarding their genome organization, structural characteristics, mehanisms of latency, types of infections, mechanisms of immune escape and prevention. Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) genome encodes over 100 proteins, of which only (30) proteins are well characterized, including the proteins expressed during latent infection and lytic cycle proteins. Based on major variation in the EBNA-2 gene sequence, two types of EBV are recognized, EBV type 1 and 2. Epstein–Barr virus types occur worldwide and differ in their geographic distribution depending on the type of virus. EBV spreads most commonly through bodily fluids, especially saliva. However, EBV can also spread through blood, blood transfusions, and organ transplantations. The EBV is associated with many malignant diseases such as lymphomas, carcinomas, and also more benign such as infectious mononucleosis, chronic active infection. The EBV has also been suggested as a trigger/cofactor for some autoimmune diseases. Overall, 1–1.5% of the cancer burden worldwide is estimated to be attributable to EBV The latently infected human cancer cells express the most powerful monogenic proteins, LMP-1 and LMP-2(Latent Membrane Protein-1,-2), as well as Epstein–Barr Nuclear Antigens (EBNA) and two small RNAs called Epstein–Barr Encoded Small RNAs (EBERs). The EBV can evade the immune system by its gene products that interfering with both innate and adaptive immunity, these include EBV-encoded proteins as well as small noncoding RNAs with immune-evasive properties. Currently no vaccine is available, although there are few candidates under evaluation. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous beta herpesvirus type 5 with seroprevalence ranges between 60 to 100% in developing countries. CMV is spread from one person to another, usually by direct and prolonged contact with bodily fluids, mainly saliva, but it can be transmitted by genital secretions, blood transfusion and organ transplantation. In addition, CMV can be transmitted vertically from mother to child. CMV infection can result in severe disease for babies, people who receive solid organ transplants or bone marrow/stem cell transplants and people with severe immune suppression such as advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The HCMV has several mechanisms of immune system evasion. It interferes with the initiation of adaptive immune responses, as well as prevent CD8+ and CD4+ T cell recognition interfering with the normal cellular MHC Class I and MHC Class II processing and presentation pathways. Challenges in developing a vaccine include adeptness of CMV in evading the immune system. Though several vaccine candidates are under investigation.

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Interplay between EBERS and P27 Tumor Suppressor Proteins in Molecular Transformation of Nasopharyngeal and Sinonasal Carcinomas

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

The High Presence of HCMV pp71 Proteins, Correlate with P63 Expression in Pancreatic Cancer Tumor Tissue

The High Presence of HCMV pp71 Proteins, Correlate with P63 Expression in Pancreatic Cancer Tumor Tissue

Evaluation of the Effect of Nutritional Intervention on Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Human Herpetic Viruses and Immune Profiles

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