Interphase Microtubules Determine the Initial Alignment of the Mitotic Spindle

Vogel, Sven; Raabe, Isabel; Dereli, Ayguel; Maghelli, Nicola; Tolić, Iva Marija

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.01.047

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…1A). Consistent with previous reports (Gachet et al, 2001;Gachet et al, 2004;Tournier et al, 2004;Vogel et al, 2007) essentially all wild-type cells initiated SPB separation within 30 degrees of the long axis of the cell ( fission yeast cells have a mechanism to align the spindle with the global axis of polarity.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…MT bundles in these cells are very often misaligned with respect to the long axis (Carazo-Salas and Nurse, 2006;Daga et al, 2006a) and are found to have similar misalignment of the mitotic spindle. Similar results were also found in cells lacking the S. pombe EB1 homologue Mal3, which also displays short MTs (Vogel et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…We observed that in some cells interphase MTs and very short spindles coexisted for a brief period of time (1-3 minutes) (Fig. 4) (Sagolla et al, 2003;Vogel et al, 2007). We also observed this phenomenon by using immunofluorescence to detect the microtubule cytoskeleton (data not shown).…”

Section: Mitotic Spindle Formation and Interphase Mt Disassemblymentioning

confidence: 64%

“…This model of spindle alignment has stimulated discussion because astral MTs during early mitosis have been reported to be intranuclear (Zimmerman et al, 2004) and therefore cannot directly contact the cell cortex to correct spindle alignment. Furthermore, it has been suggested that there is no checkpoint that solely senses the alignment of the mitotic spindle to delay progression through mitosis (Vogel et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interphase microtubule bundles use global cell shape to guide spindle alignment in fission yeast

Daga

Nurse

2008

Journal of Cell Science

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Correct spindle alignment requires a cell to detect and interpret its global geometry and to communicate this information to the mitotic spindle. In the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the mitotic spindle is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped cell. Here, using wild-type and cell-shape mutants we investigate the mechanism of initial spindle alignment and show that attachment of interphase microtubules to the spindle pole bodies (SPB), the yeast equivalent of the centrosome, is required to align duplicated SPBs, and thus the mitotic spindle, with the long axis of the cell. In the absence of interphase microtubules or attachment between the microtubules and the SPB, newly formed spindles are randomly oriented. We show that the axis of the mitotic spindle correlates with the axis along which the SPB, as a consequence of interphase microtubule dynamics, oscillates just before mitosis. We propose that cell geometry guides cytoplasmic microtubule alignment, which in turn, determines initial spindle alignment, and demonstrate that a failure of the spindle pre-alignment mechanism results in unequal chromosome segregation when spindle length is reduced.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Mitotic Spindle Formation and Interphase Mt Disassemblymentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interphase microtubule bundles use global cell shape to guide spindle alignment in fission yeast

Daga

Nurse

2008

Journal of Cell Science

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“…As a consequence, 30% of ⌬mto1 cells lack cytoplasmic microtubules and the remainder possess a single interphase microtubule bundle. In fission yeast, cytoplasmic microtubules are required for positioning the nucleus in the centre of the cell and for the initial alignment of the mitotic spindle along the longitudinal axis of the cell (Tran et al, 2001;Vogel et al, 2007). To assess the effect of interphase microtubules on Rabl formation, we monitored spindle pole and kinetochore position in ⌬mto1 ndc80-gfp cdc11-cfp cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dam1/DASH complex is required for the retrieval of unclustered kinetochores in fission yeast

Franco¹,

Meadows²,

Millar

2007

Journal of Cell Science

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In fission yeast centromeres cluster at the nuclear envelope in a region underlying the spindle pole body during interphase, an arrangement known as a Rabl configuration. We have identified a strain in which one pair of sister kinetochores is unclustered from the others and binds the nuclear envelope at a point distal to the spindle pole body. We show that during mitosis unclustered kinetochores are captured by intranuclear spindle microtubules which then pull the kinetochores back to one of the two spindle poles before they are bi-oriented on the mitotic spindle. We find that kinetochore retrieval occurs at the depolymerising microtubule plus end and is dependent on the non-essential Dam1/DASH complex. In the absence of Dam1 unclustered kinetochores are captured on the lateral surface of spindle microtubule bundles but poleward kinetochore movement does not occur. These data provide the first direct evidence that the Dam1/DASH complex can couple the force generated by microtubule depolymerisation to direct chromosome movement in vivo.

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Comparing contractile apparatus‐driven cytokinesis mechanisms across kingdoms

et al. 2012

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Cytokinesis is the final stage of the cell cycle during which a cell physically divides into two daughters through the assembly of new membranes (and cell wall in some cases) between the forming daughters. New membrane assembly can either proceed centripetally behind a contractile apparatus, as in the case of prokaryotes, archaea, fungi, and animals or expand centrifugally, as in the case of higher plants. In this article, we compare the mechanisms of cytokinesis in diverse organisms dividing through the use of a contractile apparatus. While an actomyosin ring participates in cytokinesis in almost all centripetally dividing eukaryotes, the majority of bacteria and archaea (except Crenarchaea) divide using a ring composed of the tubulin-related protein FtsZ. Curiously, despite molecular conservation of the division machinery components, division site placement and its cell cycle regulation occur by a variety of unrelated mechanisms even among organisms from the same kingdom. While molecular motors and cytoskeletal polymer dynamics contribute to force generation during eukaryotic cytokinesis, cytoskeletal polymer dynamics alone appears to be sufficient for force generation during prokaryotic cytokinesis. Intriguingly, there are life forms on this planet that appear to lack molecules currently known to participate in cytokinesis and how these cells perform cytokinesis remains a mystery waiting to be unravelled. V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc Key Words: cytokinesis, cytoskeleton, contractile apparatus Introduction C ytokinesis is a fundamental cellular process essential for cell proliferation in all life forms. In addition, proper regulation of the site of cytokinesis is important for cell fate establishment in several developmental contexts across kingdoms. All cells, with the exception of plants, use a contractile apparatus placed at a chosen division site to accomplish cytokinesis. Contraction and closure of this cell division apparatus facilitates assembly of new membranes and the completion of cytokinesis. A number of informative review articles in this issue of Cytoskeleton describe in detail mechanisms of cytokinesis in various organisms. In our review article, we compare contractile apparatus-driven cytokinesis regulatory mechanisms across kingdoms, by considering the process in bacteria, archaea, fungi, and animals. We discuss four major aspects of cytokinesis: (1) Composition of the cytokinetic apparatus, (2) Mechanism of positioning of the cytokinetic apparatus, (3) Mechanism of assembly of the cytokinetic apparatus, and (4) Mechanism of force generation by the cytokinetic apparatus. Modes of generation of constrictive forces, other than those by the cytoskeletonbased cytokinetic apparatus, are being discovered in recent times. While these are mentioned briefly in this article, we restrict this review to describe assembly and force generation by cytoskeleton-based cell division apparatuses. Composition of the Cytokinetic ApparatusThe cytoskeleton that functions in cytokinesis in nearly all cell types fal...

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Interphase Microtubules Determine the Initial Alignment of the Mitotic Spindle

Cited by 29 publications

References 27 publications

Interphase microtubule bundles use global cell shape to guide spindle alignment in fission yeast

Interphase microtubule bundles use global cell shape to guide spindle alignment in fission yeast

The Dam1/DASH complex is required for the retrieval of unclustered kinetochores in fission yeast

Comparing contractile apparatus‐driven cytokinesis mechanisms across kingdoms

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