Interoperability in Wireless Sensor Networks Based on IEEE 1451 Standard

Portilla, Jorge Eduardo Higuera; Cantero, José Polo

doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-0101-7.ch004

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The IEEE 1451 family of standards own the characteristics that meet the Industry 4.0 requirements [23]. The IEEE 1451.1 (NCAP) allows syntactic interoperability with other standards, as shown in [12,37]. The IEEE 1451.1-6 (under development) specifies communication by the MQTT protocols, whereas the IEEE 1451.1-2 specifies the connection by the client/server method [21].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating the IEEE 1451 and IEC 61499 Standards with the Industrial Internet Reference Architecture

Rocha

Abrishambaf

Pereira

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Industrial Internet of Things focuses on the manufacturing process and connects with other associated concepts such as Industry 4.0, Cyber-Physical Systems, and Cyber-Physical Production Systems. Because of the complexity of those components, it is necessary to define reference architectures models to manage Industry 4.0 and the Industrial Internet of Things. The reference architecture models aim to solve the interoperability problem enabling the syntactical and semantic levels of interoperability. A reference architecture model provides a bottom/top view of an industrial process, from the physical transducers at the physical layer to the business layer. The physical layer provides access to a twin representation of a physical thing in the digital world, extending the functionalities in the manufacturing process. This paper studies the syntactic interoperability between the IEEE 1451 and IEC 61499 in an industrial environment. The IEEE 1451 family of standards has the essential characteristics to support the information exchange between smart transducers (sensors and actuators), building the digital elements and meeting the Industry 4.0 requirements. The IEC 61499 standard enables industrial control and automation. These two standards combined at the syntactic level solve an interoperability problem. The IEC 61499 also provides data to the framework layer, supplying all the parameters defined for the communication layer specified by a reference architecture model. This paper combines the IEEE 1451 with the IEC 61499, enabling data exchange in a reference architecture model proposed for Industry 4.0. Network performance at the communication level of a reference architecture model in a local network and an external network is evaluated for the proposed application. The IEEE 1451 standard implementation and adoption to acquire data and communicate it inside an industrial process allowed the IEC 61499 standard to control an industrial process. The IEEE 1451 standard is implemented in a MSP430 low power microcontroller. A Raspberry Pi running FORTE and 4diac in the USA and Portugal were used to test a local network in Portugal and an external network in USA. Data related to network performance was obtained with Wireshark and processed with MATLAB. Tests using the Message Queuing Transport Telemetry Transport and Hypertext Transport Protocols verified the performance of these protocols, supported by the IEEE 1451 and IEC 61499 standards, showing that communication inside an Industry 4.0 environment is possible. MQTT protocol is faster, has a small packet size, and consumes less bandwidth. The HTTP protocol uses more bandwidth but is more reliable for real-time communication, essential for Industry 4.0.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating the IEEE 1451 and IEC 61499 Standards with the Industrial Internet Reference Architecture

Rocha

Abrishambaf

Pereira

et al. 2022

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The communication occurs using the publish/subscribe mechanism from the MQTT protocol [ 47 ]. It allows the NCAP to achieve the syntactical level of interoperability [ 48 ]. The IEEE 1451 requires a semantic service that converts the data semantically into a vocabulary and ontology based on the IEEE 1451 family of standards to reach the semantic level needed for a DT.…”

Section: Development Of a Digital Twin Based On The Ieee 1451 Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Interoperable Digital Twin with the IEEE 1451 Standards

Rocha

Pereira

Abrishambaf

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The shop floor or factory floor is the area inside a factory where manufacturing production is executed. The digitalisation of this area has been increasing in the last few years, introducing the Digital Twin (DT) and the Industry 4.0 concepts. A DT is the digital representation of a real object or an entire system. A DT includes a high diversity of components from different vendors that need to interact with each other efficiently. In most cases, the development of standards and protocols does not consider the need to operate with other standards and protocols, causing interoperability issues. Transducers (sensors and actuators) use the communication layer to exchange information with digital contra parts, and for this reason, the communication layer is one of the most relevant aspects of development. This paper covers DT development, going from the physical to the visualisation layer. The reference architecture models, standards, and protocols focus on interoperability to reach a syntactic level of communication between the IEEE 1451 and the IEC 61499 standards. A semantic communication layer connects transducer devices to the digital representation, achieving a semantic level of interoperability. This communication layer adds semantics to the communication process, allowing the development of an interoperable DT based on the IEEE 1451 standards. The DT presented reaches the syntactic and semantic levels of interoperability, allowing the monitoring and visualisation of a prototype system.

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“…Interoperability and scalability [42]: The significant challenges in interoperability are technical, semantic, and pragmatic. In addition, sensing nodes are becoming prominent and unbounded, so current WSN architectures need to be updated to cope with the rapid growth of sensing node numbers.…”

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confidence: 99%

Open Issues for Intelligent Connectivity Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and IoT: State of the Art

Abdullah¹,

Ali²,

Hassan³

et al. 2022

Delta University Scientific Journal

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To effortlessly gather knowledge and data from wireless devices, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are now used as one of the successful distributed applications. The unique architecture of WSNs made it possible to employ them in a wide range of contemporary industrial applications, including automated control systems and systems for surveillance and monitoring that can help bridge the gap between user needs and available technology. The control of topology, QoS, robustness, placement, power consumption, scalability, reliability, resource utilization, data availability, and security are additional problems faced by WSNs. WSNs are planned to be merged into the internet of things (IoT) in the future when sensor nodes automatically join the internet and use it to cooperate and complete their functions. This survey paper proposes a taxonomy for wireless sensor networks (WSN), highlights some of the essential technologies, and profiles some applications that have the potential to make a striking difference in human life, especially for the differently abled and the elderly. Compared to similar survey papers in the area, this paper is far more comprehensive in its range and exhaustively covers the most significant technologies, from sensors to applications. Highlights some of the most powerful technology and describes several applications that have the potential to significantly improve human life, particularly for the elderly and those with disabilities. Compared to a different area, this one is much more thorough and covers all essential critical technologies, from sensors to applications. This paper aims to provide a better understanding of such limitations.

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Interoperability in Wireless Sensor Networks Based on IEEE 1451 Standard

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Integrating the IEEE 1451 and IEC 61499 Standards with the Industrial Internet Reference Architecture

Integrating the IEEE 1451 and IEC 61499 Standards with the Industrial Internet Reference Architecture

An Interoperable Digital Twin with the IEEE 1451 Standards

Open Issues for Intelligent Connectivity Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and IoT: State of the Art

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