Decomposing, transforming, and contextualising (e)-shopping Introduction Although shopping in a store or market place is an activity that has already existed for thousands of years, e-shopping, or the business-to-consumer segment of e-commerce, is a relatively new phenomenon in the world of retailing. Internet-based e-commerce originated around 1995 with the use of the Internet for commercial transactions by Dell, Cisco, and Amazon (Leyshon et al, 2005). Owing to the widespread use of personal computers and (broadband) Internet access, opportunities to buy online at home have expanded enormously in recent years. Brynjolfsson and colleagues (2003;2007) have examined those opportunities from an economic perspective, showing that the Internet offers the possibility to expand enormously the variety of products that can be produced, promoted, and purchased. Owing to limited stock capacity, only the most popular books CDs, DVDs, clothes, electronics, and other products are sold in brick-and-mortar stores. In contrast, owing to lower search costs, the Internet offers the platform for almost any product, however small the demand is. This tail of the supply of products seems to be infinitely long.These technological and economic developments in the supply of online products are particularly embraced by males, the highly educated, those on high income, and young people up to the age of 35 years with positive attitudes towards e-shopping (Farag et al, 2003;2006). These consumers are largely responsible for the sales of online retailers. In the US the total online retail spending increased from $31 billion in 2001 to $100 billion in 2006. The largest shares of online purchases in total retail spending are attained by computer hardware and software (38%); consumer electronics (27%); tickets (17%); and books, videos, and music (15%) (US Census Bureau, 2008a). Although there are considerable variations among countries, the total distance sales (including online and catalogue sales) in Europe are growing steadily (EMOTA, 2008). It is estimated that in the US the turnover will at least double in the next five years (US Census Bureau, 2008b).Although at present consumers make only a modest percentage of their purchases via the web, the developments in the world of e-commerce inspired the well-known expert in e-commerce, Mokhtarian (2004, page 258), to speculate on the future meaning of e-commerce:``Indications are that e-commerce, in some form and at some level, is here to stayöin many contexts it is quite clearly superior to the old way of doing business.'' These developments and expectations leave us with a large set of questions, including: What are the factors that determine the adoption of e-shopping? What are the relationships between the different shopping modes? What is the impact of e-shopping on in-store shopping and travel? What are the implications of e-shopping for the retailing structure? At this stage we are rather short on answers to these and other questions.Our ability to answer these questions is severely hampe...