Internet and Social Movement Action Repertoires

The continuous expansion of citizen participation: a new taxonomy

“…These examples do not only demonstrate the expansion of the repertoire of political participation (van Deth, 2001(van Deth, , 2014Dalton, 2008b;Van Laer and Van Aelst, 2010). They reflect increasing tensions between voting and other well-established forms of political participation (such as being a party member, or signing a petition) as methods of engaging in politics on the one hand, and newer forms of engagement that may not fit classic definitions of political participation on the other.…”

‘Volunteering is like any other business’: Civic participation and social media

“…While social media can potentially help civil society actors access and circulate information in unprecedented ways, these technologies are embedded in unequal power relations that privilege government and corporate elites (Curran, Fenton, & Freedman, 2012;Dahlgren, 2013 social media platforms (Dahlberg, 2014;Fuchs, 2015;van Dijck, 2013 IndyMedia to the margins of the Internet) (Hestres, 2013;Papacharissi & Fernback, 2005; Author, 2014). Youmans and York (2012) show how the policies and user agreements of commercial social media platforms inhibit some forms of political participation by preventing anonymity and prohibiting certain content, resulting, for example, in Facebook banning the page ''We Are All Khaled Said'' which was used to mobilise protesters during the Egyptian uprising.…”

From the Street to Institutions through the App: Digitally Enabled Political Outcomes of the Spanish Indignados Movement

“…), the potential of which is thus realized. Van Laer andVan Aelst (2008: 1149) have typified these actions, including concepts such as culture jamming, protest website/alternative media, email bomb/virtual sit-ins, online petitions, monetary donations, consumer behavior, hacktivism, etc., and have pointed out that these activities cannot expand indefinitely.…”