Internationalisation of Spanish family SMEs: an analysis of family involvement

A socioemotional wealth perspective on how collaboration intensity, trust, and international market knowledge affect family firms’ multinationality

“…Family firms tend to internationalize in controlled and measured ways protecting family control, and tend to internationalize slower than non-family firms (Cesinger, Bouncken, Fredrich, & Kraus, 2014), expanding their international reach incrementally as knowledge about the process slowly accumulates within the firm and among family members (Casillas & Acedo, 2005;Gallo & Sveen, 1991). However, the traditional Uppsala Model (Johanson & Vahlne, 1977) focuses on the liability of foreignness to explain why an internationalizing enterprise gradually accumulates knowledge and resources over time.…”

Internationalisation of family small and medium sized enterprises: The role of stewardship orientation, family commitment culture and top management team

“…Sharma, Chrisman, & Gersick, 2012). Similarly, the internationalisation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is widely researched, but a family SME (FSME) focus is scarce (Casillas & Acedo, 2005;Crick, Bradshaw, & Chaudhry, 2006;Jones, Coviello, & Tang, 2011;Zahra, 2003). Early studies are limited to comparisons of family with non-FBs (e.g.…”

Factors determining exportation and internationalization in family businesses: The importance of debt

“…The definition combines the two ideas around which the concept of a family business has traditionally revolved: sharing property, ownership and management among members of a same family. However, this definition does not include a third notion that is also of considerable importance: the will that the company remain over time and be passed on to future generations (Zhara, 2003;Casillas & Acedo, 2005;Crick, Bradshaw & Chaudry, 2006). It may therefore be basically defined as a business in which members of one or various families share, to a great extent, capital, management responsibilities, and the intention of passing the business on to future generations (Gallo, 1995;Astrachan, Klein & Smyrnios, 2002;López-Cózar & Priede, 2009).…”

“…Other studies are centered on the capacities, attitudes and personal characteristics of the CEO (Gallo &García Pont, 1996;Davis & Harveston, 2000;Graves & Thomas, 2004;Casillas & Acedo, 2005), as well as their level of education and age. For example, Davis and Harveston (2000) reach the conclusion that there is a positive relationship between the education of an executive and the degree of internationalization of their company.…”