“…• Public diplomacy: security, stability, peace and ideological influence (Chowdhury, 2022;de Wit & Yemini et al, 2015;Svetlik & Braček Lalić, 2016) • Migration of skilled labour and attracting talent (Vincent-Lancrina, 2014) • Revenue generation and capacity building (Alizadeh & Pourghane, 2022) • Gaining a greater awareness of global issues and mutual understanding across countries, cultures and languages (Alizadeh & Pourghane, 2022;Hénard et al, 2012;Hsieh, 2020;Svetlik & Braček Lalić, 2016;Wihlborg & Robson, 2018) • Presence in the global labour market (Hakimzade, 2012) • Increase national competitiveness (Chowdhury, 2022) • Long-run effect on economic growth and employment (Chowdhury, 2022;Hsieh, 2020) Institutional level…”