International variation in phytosanitary legislation and regulations governing importation of plants for planting

Eschen, René; Britton, Kerry O.; Brockerhoff, Eckehard G.; Burgess, Treena I.; Dalley, V.; Epanchin‐Niell, Rebecca S.; Gupta, Kavita; Hardy, G.; Huang, Yuehui; Kenis, Marc; Kimani, Esther; LI, Hong-Shu; Olsen, Søren Kok; Ormrod, Roger; Otieno, W.; Sadof, Clifford S.; Tadeu, E.; Theyse, Maria Johanna

doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2015.04.021

Cited by 109 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Hence, special attention must be paid to invasive forest pathogens, which have increased exponentially in the last four decades as a result of globalization of trade, climate change and free market policies [47][48][49]. To date, the current distribution of F. circinatum is restricted to the Iberian Peninsula.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of Several Northeastern Conifers to Fusarium circinatum and Strategies for Biocontrol

Martín‐García

Paraschiv

Flores-Pacheco

et al. 2017

Forests

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Fusarium circinatum, the causal of pine pitch canker disease (PPC), is now considered among the most important pathogens of Pinaceae in the world. Although in Europe PPC is only established in the Iberian Peninsula, the potential endangered areas cover over 10 million hectares under the current host distribution and climatic conditions. It is therefore a priority to test the susceptibility of those species and their provenances, within Central and Northern Europe and find biological control agents (BCAs) against the disease. In this study, the susceptibility of Pinus sylvestris, P. mugo and Picea abies Romanian provenances to F. circinatum was tested using three inoculum doses. In parallel, the potential use of Trichoderma atroviride and Trichoderma viride as BCAs against F. circinatum was also tested. This study has demonstrated, for the first time, the susceptibility of P. mugo to F. circinatum. Likewise, the susceptibility of P. abies was also confirmed. The fact that the Romanian provenance of P. sylvestris has not been susceptible to F. circinatum suggests genetic resistance as a potential tool to manage the disease. This, together with the apparent effectiveness of Trichoderma species as BCAs, seems to indicate that an integrated management of the disease might be feasible.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of Several Northeastern Conifers to Fusarium circinatum and Strategies for Biocontrol

Martín‐García

Paraschiv

Flores-Pacheco

et al. 2017

Forests

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“…We focus on Europe as it provides an important regulatory and trade context for plant health and biosecurity for tree professionals in member states (MacLeod et al 2010;Maye et al 2012;Eschen et al 2015b) -and brings with it substantial interdependence and connectivity between these key stakeholders. Plants and plant products imported into European Union (EU) member states are required to have a phytosanitary certificate issued by the exporting country -indicating that certain criteria such as phytosanitary inspections have been met (Jones and McLeod 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing awareness of tree pests and pathogens amongst tree professionals: A pan-European perspective

Marzano

Dandy

Papazova–Anakieva

et al. 2016

Forest Policy and Economics

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(M. Marzano). 2 Highlights• We conducted a questionnaire survey of tree professionals in 9 European countries.• Self-reported awareness levels of pests amongst tree professionals is low.• Awareness increases with age and frequency of visits or familiarity with forests.• Resource pressures and perceived behaviours of others act as barriers to change.• Approaches to raising awareness should include knowledge brokerage. AbstractTree professionals play an important role in protecting forests against invasive pests.Awareness of pests and knowledge of how they spread is likely to be a key component of effective detection, eradication and management measures, but very little is known about awareness levels of this stakeholder group. To address this important evidence gap, a questionnaire survey of tree professionals was carried out across nine European countries.Results from 392 tree professionals show relatively low levels of self-reported awareness for a number of pests. Levels of awareness rise with increasing age as well as frequency of visits to forests. Awareness also appeared higher where pests were present in the respondent's country. There was a high level of support for purchasing plant material from accredited sources. Barriers to changing behaviours include financial and resource pressures but also the perceived behaviour of others. Tree professionals utilise multiple sources to gain information about tree pests but internet was the most popular. A considerable amount of pest information is already available online and this study recommends that different approaches to raising awareness be trialled including utilising experienced tree professionals as knowledge brokers and exploring new ways of using digital technologies as a learning tool. (199 words)

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“…Por outro lado, grandes volumes de produtos agrícolas no comércio internacional e a movimentação de pessoas no mundo também são fatores de risco de introdução de pragas (Eschen et al, 2015). Assim, é necessário que as regulamentações quarentenárias produzam um equilíbrio entre o nível de proteção fitossanitária, proporcionado pelas estações quarentenárias na importação de material para pesquisa, e o nível de proteção por ARP, na importação de material vegetal comercial.…”

Section: Perspectivas De Inovação Em Quarentena Vegetalunclassified

Fundamentos biológicos, ferramentas operacionais e inovação em quarentena vegetal

Marques

Lopes-da-Silva

Gonzaga

et al. 2016

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -A demanda por segurança alimentar e nutricional delimita modelos de intensificação da agricultura em que a prevenção de perdas na produção é essencial. O cenário de agricultura globalizada, o aumento das rotas de comércio e o deslocamento de pessoas e produtos maximiza o potencial de introduções inadvertidas de pragas em áreas indenes, colocando em risco os sistemas produtivos. A quarentena vegetal é apresentada como medida disciplinadora à movimentação de vegetais, para limitar a dispersão de pragas agrícolas. A vigilância preconiza a antecipação e reconhece a ameaça, privilegiando a acurácia e a eficiência do diagnóstico, a consolidação de metodologias de análise de risco de pragas e a evolução das ferramentas operacionais. Com apropriação de novas tecnologias, melhoria das estruturas fiscalizadoras e forte capacidade inovativa, esperam-se respostas aos desafios impostos à segurança da agricultura. Este trabalho aborda aspectos históricos relacionados às ações quarentenárias, ao arcabouço legal, à influência do comércio internacional, às ferramentas analíticas, às perspectivas de inovação e à qualificação da infraestrutura. O objetivo deste trabalho é contextualizar a importância do risco de introdução de novas pragas ante uma agricultura pujante e a intensificação do intercâmbio comercial. Analisa, igualmente, desafios para ações de quarentena vegetal, ao mesmo tempo em que alinha bases biológicas sobre as quais a regulação fitossanitária deve se sustentar, como subsídio para a formulação de dispositivos legais.Termos para indexação: defesa fitossanitária, intercâmbio de germoplasma vegetal, pragas agrícolas, quarentena, segurança alimentar. Biological fundamentals, operational tools, and innovation in plant quarantineAbstract -The demand toward food and nutritional security delimitates models for agricultural intensification, in which yield loss prevention is essential. The globalized agriculture scenario, the increase of trade routes, and the displacement of people and products maximize the potential of nondeliberate pest introductions in undamaged areas, endangering the production systems. Plant quarantine is presented as a measure to control plant product movement, in order to limit the dispersal of agricultural pests. Surveillance advocates the anticipation and recognizes the threat, focusing on the accuracy and efficiency of the diagnosis, on the consolidation of methods of pest risk analysis, and on the evolution of operational tools. Responses to the challenges posed to agriculture security are expected, considering the appropriation of new technologies, enhancement of inspectorate structures, and a strong, innovative capacity. This work approaches the historical aspects related to quarantine actions, legal framework, influence of international trade, analytical tools, innovation perspectives, and infrastructure qualification. The objective of this work is to contextualize the risk importance of introducing new pests, faced with a thriving agriculture and the intensification of commercial inte...

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International variation in phytosanitary legislation and regulations governing importation of plants for planting

Cited by 109 publications

References 13 publications

Susceptibility of Several Northeastern Conifers to Fusarium circinatum and Strategies for Biocontrol

Susceptibility of Several Northeastern Conifers to Fusarium circinatum and Strategies for Biocontrol

Assessing awareness of tree pests and pathogens amongst tree professionals: A pan-European perspective

Fundamentos biológicos, ferramentas operacionais e inovação em quarentena vegetal

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