International study of definitions of English-language terms for suicidal behaviours: a survey exploring preferred terminology

Leo, Diego De; Goodfellow, Benjamin; Silverman, Morton M.; Berman, Alan L.; Mann, J. John; Arensman, Ella; Hawton, Keith; Phillips, Michael R.; Vijayakumar, Lakshmi; Andriessen, Karl; Chávez-Hernández, Ana-María; Heisel, Marnin J.; Kõlves, Kairi

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043409

Cited by 52 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Suicide is the leading cause of death among young Australians, accounting for over one-third of deaths in people aged 15–24 years in 2020, and representing the highest number of years of potential life lost of any mortality cause [ 1 , 2 ]. Suicidal behaviours such as suicidal ideation, plans, attempts, and self-harm (non-fatal intentional self-harm with varying motives including the wish to die) [ 3 ] are more common, are key risk factors for future suicide, and are problematic in their own right [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working with Young People at Risk of Suicidal Behaviour and Self-Harm: A Qualitative Study of Australian General Practitioners’ Perspectives

Bellairs-Walsh

Byrne

Bendall

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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General Practitioners (GPs) play a crucial role in the identification and support of young people at risk of suicidal behaviour and self-harm; however, no studies have explored GPs’ perspectives, approaches, challenges, and resource needs when working with this cohort in an Australian setting. This was a qualitative study where fifteen GPs (Mage = 45.25 years) from multiple clinics in Western Australia took part in semi-structured interviews, and data were analysed thematically. Seven main themes were identified: (1) working with young people has its unique challenges; (2) screening and assessment tools can help to manage uncertainty and discomfort; (3) going beyond tools–the dialogue and relationship are most important; (4) there are limits to what we can offer in the time available; (5) the service access and referral pathways lack clarity and coordination; (6) the provision of mental health support should not fall on GPs alone; and (7) more comprehensive training in suicide and self-harm is needed. The findings highlight a number of opportunities to enhance care and better assist GPs working with young people who present with suicidal behaviour and self-harm, including considerations for conducting assessments, targeted resources such as training, and system and service improvements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working with Young People at Risk of Suicidal Behaviour and Self-Harm: A Qualitative Study of Australian General Practitioners’ Perspectives

Bellairs-Walsh

Byrne

Bendall

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Second, the field of suicide prevention research and practice is constrained by the use of inconsistent terminology. [70] This was evident across the papers, particularly those related to suicide attempts that used other terminology like non-fatal suicidal behaviours or self-harm. While every effort was made to include only papers referring to suicide attempts (i.e., not non-suicidal self-injury/harm), given the difficulties in determining intention, some papers may have included instances of non-suicidal self-harm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It is recommended that future research follow expert consensus in the use of terminology for suicide and self-harm. [70] Future research should support the Pacific Islands to enhance or reinstate suicide and self-harm sentinel surveillance systems across the region, and develop and evaluate suicide prevention interventions for key risk groups. Given the impact of climate change on the wellbeing of those living in the Pacific Islands [2] and links made between climate change and suicidal behaviours, [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] future research would also benefit from investigating this as a potential risk factor in relation to suicidal behaviour across the Pacific Islands, particularly for young people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide and suicide attempts in the Pacific Islands: A Systematic Literature Review

Mathieu¹,

Leo²,

Koo³

et al. 2021

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific

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Background:The Pacific Islands have some of the highest rates of suicide in the Western Pacific region. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature on suicidal behaviour in the Pacific Islands. Methods: A comprehensive search of Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane, CINAHL and Embase databases was conducted for all articles published until 1 st February 2021. Inclusion criteria included papers that referred to a pre-specified list of Pacific Islands. Papers referring exclusively to other countries were excluded. Other exclusion criteria included not being about suicide or suicide attempts or not presenting original research. Narrative synthesis was applied without meta-analysis. The review followed PRISMA guidelines. Findings: A total of 36 papers were included for review. Of the Pacific Islands, Kiribati has the highest age-standardised rate of suicide mortality. Key risk groups across the Islands included youth, people of Indian ethnicity in Fiji (a prominent ethnic group in Fiji), and Indigenous peoples across other Islands. Prominent methods were self-poisoning and hanging. A distinct lack of intervention studies was found. Interpretation: Overall, the Pacific Islands appear to have relatively high rates of suicide and suicide attempts compared to other countries in the region. This was particularly striking among youth. This review provides important directions for future suicide prevention activities, including means restriction, sensitive media/community coverage, enhanced surveillance, and the development and evaluation of interventions tailored to the needs of young people and other cultural groups.

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“…In this study, suicide attempts will be understood as an act in which a person hurts themselves, with the intention of dying, and survives. 51 …”

Section: Methods and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal trajectories of suicidal ideation and attempts in adolescents with psychiatric disorders in Chile: study protocol

et al. 2022

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IntroductionAdolescent suicide is a worldwide public health problem, being the second and the third leading cause of death in the 15–29 and the 15–19 age groups, respectively. Among adolescents, it is estimated that for every suicide, there are 100–200 suicide attempts. Although 79% of suicides in the world occur in low/middle-income countries, most of scientific evidence comes from high-income and low-risk countries. In recent years, adolescent suicide rates have steadily increased in Chile. Deaths caused by self-harm increased by 220% in the population aged 10–19 years between 2000 and 2015. The Maule Region is one of the regions of Chile with the highest levels of suicide among those aged 15 and 19 years old. The objective of this study is to evaluate the trajectories of ideation and suicidal attempts in adolescents with psychiatric disorders treated within the public health system of the Maule Region, Chile, based on different clinical, psychological and neuropsychological factors.MethodA prospective naturalistic study of a clinical sample of adolescents under psychiatric treatment in the Maule Region, Chile. Adolescents will be evaluated using a thorough protocol that includes suicide-related clinical variables. The study seeks to establish patterns of change in the trajectories of ideation and suicide attempts among adolescents.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was granted by the Scientific Ethics Committee of the Universidad Católica del Maule in Chile. This protocol was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov. The results of this study will be disseminated to health centres through executive reports and feedback sessions. In addition, the most relevant findings will be presented in scientific articles, conferences and seminars open to the community.Trial registration numberNCT04635163.

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International study of definitions of English-language terms for suicidal behaviours: a survey exploring preferred terminology

Cited by 52 publications

References 20 publications

Working with Young People at Risk of Suicidal Behaviour and Self-Harm: A Qualitative Study of Australian General Practitioners’ Perspectives

Working with Young People at Risk of Suicidal Behaviour and Self-Harm: A Qualitative Study of Australian General Practitioners’ Perspectives

Suicide and suicide attempts in the Pacific Islands: A Systematic Literature Review

Longitudinal trajectories of suicidal ideation and attempts in adolescents with psychiatric disorders in Chile: study protocol

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