International standards for health economic evaluation with a focus on the German approach

Riedel, Rainer; Repschläger, U; Griebenow, R.; Breitkopf, S.; Schmidt, Simone; Corpas, Andrés Guhl

doi:10.1111/jcpt.12043

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This form of measure is based on established accountancy practices. Both cost‐utility analysis (CUA) and cost‐effectiveness analysis (CEA) are recommended analytical methods for health economic evaluation studies …”

Section: Methods Of Measuring Financial Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both cost-utility analysis (CUA) and cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) are recommended analytical methods for health economic evaluation studies. 54 Finally, another measure identified in the process is the impact of the library on the (grant) research revenue generated for the organisation. 41,55 This is inherently a classic economic evaluation tool.…”

Section: Methods Of Measuring Financial Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Demonstrating the financial impact of clinical libraries: a systematic review

Madden

Collins

Macias

et al. 2016

Health Info Libraries J

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Objective: The purpose of this review is to evaluate the tools used to measure the financial value of libraries in a clinical setting. Methods: Searches were carried out on ten databases for the years 2003-2013, with a final search before completion to identify any recent papers. Results: Eleven papers met the final inclusion criteria. There was no evidence of a single 'best practice', and many metrics used to measure financial impact of clinical libraries were developed on an ad hoc basis locally. The most common measures of financial impact were value of time saved, value of resource collection against cost of alternative sources, cost avoidance and revenue generated through assistance on grant submissions. Few papers provided an insight into the longer term impact on the library service resulting from submitting return on investment (ROI) or other financial impact statements. • It is worth pursuing the concept of value of information studies in the context of clinical libraries.• Health library associations should collaborate on the development of common measurement standards, which reflect accounting practices in the wider clinical setting.• Health librarians should commit to adopting and implementing these standards in their own organisation.• It is important that health librarians identify and include feedback and outcomes in studies analysing the financial impact of their clinical library service.

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Section: Methods Of Measuring Financial Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods Of Measuring Financial Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstrating the financial impact of clinical libraries: a systematic review

Madden

Collins

Macias

et al. 2016

Health Info Libraries J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Finally, at the local hospital or clinic level, CEA showing number of cases diagnosed will justify the choice of the best glaucoma screening program [57][58][59][60][61][62][63]. That said, all HEE are prone to various uncertainties and should be subjected to appropriate sensitivity analysis before conclusions can be drawn.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Economic Evaluation: A Primer for Healthcare Professionals

Leung¹

2016

Primary Health Care

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Fundamental Concepts Costs, benefits, supply and demandIn any non-utopic society, resources (or goods) are finite (hence scarce) and they are constantly distributed to individuals to satisfy their needs (wants and preferences). Resources have to be produced (by sellers) to replenish consumption by individuals(consumers), who willingly let go of other resources (money) to accrue the resource(s) of their preference (consumer choice). Such transaction (bought and sold) between a consumer and seller is a re-allocation of resources (supplier's good versus consumer's money) at a mutually agreed price, where consumers' willingness to pay meets sellers 'willingness to accept. Here, consumers enjoy a benefit from the good/service by paying sellers the costs of the goods. In any market free from monopoly or regulation, this transaction price indicates equilibrium between supply and demand ( Figure 1).However, when more than one individual consume the same set of resources, competition will arise: as the net resources decrease the equilibrium price will shift, so that only the individual(s) who can now pay a higher price will continue to consume the decreasing resources. On the contrary, when resources become more available than needed, an excess will be left around and hence the demand falls and pulls down the equilibrium price. John Locke, an English philosopher and physician, first described this inverse supply-demand relationship in his writings in 1691, but the actual term "supply and demand" was not coined until 1767 by Denham-Steuart and Adam Smith, in his famous work of "the Wealth of Nations" [1,2]. By definition, supply and demand for any resource or commodity are susceptible to external constraints like weather (under-or over-production) and disasters that will compromise human viability (under-demand of luxurious items and over-demand of basic commodities) (Figure 2). Scenarios when supply and demand curves shift. For a commodity X in a society, there exists an equilibrium where supply curve S1 intersects demand curve D1, at the agreedutility(price) of U3 for a Q4 quantity of X. An epidemic came killing 15% of population and sent the economy to recession, shifting the demand curve for X to the left to D2 (now less people in total and less money earned). If the supply remained the same S1, it will be relatively in excess and hence the agreed utility (price) will fall to U4 for a lesser quantity of X (Q3). Now, if the production of X also fell, the supply curve will be shifted up to S2(harder to produce the same unit of good/service), leading to a higher agreed utility/price of U2 for a much less quantity of X.(Q1). AbstractIn its broadest term, economic evaluation (EE) is a comparative analysis of the input (costs) and the output (consequences, outcomes) of two or more alternatives to see if they are economically beneficial or feasible. The earliest form of economic evaluation took place in mid-19th century and since then; three main forms of EE have evolved which are employed in various settings: cost-benefit ...

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“…HEEs are not part of approval procedures for new drugs but are more and more consulted for health-care decision making because of limited resources of health-care systems (16). To improve visibility and acceptability of placebo interventions, applying equal standards for testing their efficiency as for conventional drug therapy could be supportive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placebo Economics: A Systematic Review About the Economic Potential of Utilizing the Placebo Effect

et al. 2019

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Background: Recent research shows that placebo mechanisms can be utilized in ethical and legal ways such as in open-label conditions, when patients know that they receive placebos, and through psychological interventions aiming to optimize patients’ expectations. Showing that placebo interventions are also cost-efficient could improve their acceptability. Objective: To review studies that performed health economic evaluations (HEEs) of intentional placebo interventions and to review studies that intentionally applied placebo interventions and reported outcomes eligible for HEEs. Methods: Two systematic reviews of the literature were performed. For the first review, we searched MEDLINE using “placebo” and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms associated with HEEs such as “costs,” “cost–benefit analyses,” and “economics.” Studies were eligible if they employed patients, applied placebo interventions, included an appropriate control group, and reported results of cost analyses. For the second review, we searched the Journal of Interdisciplinary Placebo Studies (JIPS) database and MEDLINE using search terms for outcomes eligible for cost–utility analyses, such as “quality of life” or “quality-adjusted life years” (“QALYs”). Risk of bias of all studies found was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook, and a narrative synthesis of the results is provided. Results: The first search resulted in 1,853 articles, which were screened for eligibility. Two studies were found only in which costs or cost-effectiveness analysis were reported, but with medium to high risks of biases. The second search yielded 164 articles particularly from the JIPS database of which 11 studies met our search criteria: in six studies, patients received placebo pills in open-label conditions; three studies investigated effects of patient–physician relationships; and two studies used psychological interventions to optimize treatment expectations, in patients with various diseases and disorders. These studies report outcomes potentially eligible for HEEs when costs of interventions were known. Risks of biases were low to medium, but patients were not blinded to the conditions in most studies. Conclusions: The state of knowledge about HEEs of placebo interventions is scarce. To gain more visibility and acceptability for placebo interventions, future studies should measure outcomes usable for HEEs and costs of interventions, and HEEs should be performed for existing studies if data are available.

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International standards for health economic evaluation with a focus on the German approach

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Demonstrating the financial impact of clinical libraries: a systematic review

Demonstrating the financial impact of clinical libraries: a systematic review

Health Economic Evaluation: A Primer for Healthcare Professionals

Placebo Economics: A Systematic Review About the Economic Potential of Utilizing the Placebo Effect

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