International Space Station Environmental Control and Life Support System Status: 2009 - 2010

Williams, David E.; Dake, Jason R.; Gentry, Gregory J.

doi:10.2514/6.2010-6180

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…As a result, the total daily energy requirements from the different macronutrients are equivalent to those on Earth, with 12-15% of total energy coming from protein, 50-55% from carbohydrates, and 30-35% from fat [ 92 ]. The Water Recovery System, which produces the majority of the crews' water supply, uses cabin urine, perspiration, and condensation to make clean water that is then distilled and purified to provide drinkable water [ 100 ]. While average intake is often lower than required, astronauts do not develop space-related dehydration despite the 2000 ml/day of water advised for consumption on the ISS [ 101 ].…”

Section: Countermeasures To Maintain the Cardiovascular Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Countermeasures for Maintaining Cardiovascular Health in Space Missions

Pramanik

Kumar

Panchal

et al. 2023

CCR

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During space exploration, the human body is subjected to altered atmospheric environments and gravity, exposure to radiation, sleep disturbance, and mental pressures; all these factors are responsible for cardiovascular diseases. Under microgravity, the physiological changes related to cardiovascular diseases are the cephalic fluid shift, dramatic reduction in central venous pressure, changes in blood rheology and endothelial function, cerebrovascular abnormalities, headaches, optic disc edema, intracranial hypertension, congestion of the jugular vein, facial swelling, and loss of taste. Generally, five countermeasures are used to maintain cardiovascular health (during and after space missions), including shielding, nutritional, medicinal, exercise, and artificial gravity. This article concludes with how to reduce space missions' impact on cardiovascular health with the help of various countermeasures.

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Section: Countermeasures To Maintain the Cardiovascular Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Countermeasures for Maintaining Cardiovascular Health in Space Missions

Pramanik

Kumar

Panchal

et al. 2023

CCR

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“…Electrolytic oxygen generation (EOGS) is currently recognized as the most reasonable oxygen replenishment technology for the space station [1][2][3][4]. It is one of the core technologies of the physical and chemical regenerative environmental control and life support system (ECLSS) [5][6][7], and it is also the key technology for realizing long-term manned space flight [8]. The status of EOGS directly determines the oxygen content in the enclosed cabin with astronauts during the orbit [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UKF-Based State Estimation for Electrolytic Oxygen Generation System of Space Station

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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Electrolytic oxygen generation system (EOGS) is the only system that can provide oxygen for astronauts in a physicochemical regenerative way in a long-term manned spacecraft. In order to ensure that the astronauts in the cabin can obtain a continuous and enough oxygen supply, it is necessary to carry out real-time condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of the EOGS. This paper deals with condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of the EOGS. Firstly, the dynamic model of the system is established based on the principle electrolysis for actual oxygen production system and the state observer of the system has been designed by using unscented Kalman filter (UKF). The total pressure in the cabin and the partial pressure of oxygen in the electrolytic cell can be observed. Then, considered the actual conditions of the manned space mission with one more astronaut, i.e., 3 astronauts, the simulation experiment is carried out. The simulation results show that the method can effectively estimate the system state, and it is of great significance to ensure the normal operation of the electrolytic EOGS system in the space station.

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“…In addition to the risks that arise from daily exposure to pollutants, a major concern for long-term spaceflights is also related to the recovery of water and air [29]. Indeed, current water and air remediation technologies [30,31] are hard to maintain without spare parts, so they might be supported by passive systems to prolong their lives. Photocatalytic nanosystems capable of depolluting fluids from xenobiotic waste using low-energy indoor treatments could be a potential solution not only for extraterrestrial human habitats but also for underground terrestrial infrastructures that are not directly exposed to sunlight.…”

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confidence: 99%