International Research Partnerships in Occupational Therapy: A Canadian–Zambian Case Study

Njelesani, Janet; Stevens, Marianne; Cleaver, Shaun; Mwambwa, Lombe; Nixon, Stephanie

doi:10.1002/oti.1346

Cited by 17 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…The findings of this study is in agreement with previous studies that indicated shortage of rehabilitation healthcare workforce [20, 23, 29, 34–36] and limited OT and PT training programs [32, 33, 35–38] in some SSA countries. For the past 65 years, WFOT and WCPT have been strong advocates for their respective professions [19, 36, 39, 40].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The extent to which African perspectives are considered in the framing of the entry-level OT competencies should be examined [53]. Seventh, efforts should be made to identify and replicate effective models of international cooperation and partnership on the training and education of PT and OT [38, 40]. Eight, in order to obtain an accurate number of native-born and expatriate practicing PT and OT, an effort should be made to obtain information directly from professional licensing and government agencies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occupational therapy and physiotherapy education and workforce in Anglophone sub-Saharan Africa countries

Agho

John

2017

Hum Resour Health

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BackgroundSub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries are faced with the challenge of educating a critical mass of occupational therapists (OTs) and physiotherapists (PTs) to meet the growing demand for health and rehabilitation services. The World Federation of Occupational Therapy (WFOT) and World Confederation of Physical Therapy (WCPT) have argued for the need of graduate-level training for OTs and PTs for decades. However, very few studies have been conducted to determine the availability of OT and PT training programs and practitioners in SSA countries.MethodsInitial data were collected and compiled from an extensive literature search conducted using MEDLINE and PubMed to examine the availability of OT and PT education and training programs in SSA countries. Additional data were collected, compiled, and collated from academic institutions, ministries of health, health professions associations, and licensing authorities in SSA countries. Secondary data were also collected from the websites of organizations such as the World Bank, World Health Organization (WHO), WFOT, and WCPT.ResultsThis investigation revealed that there are limited number of OT and PT training programs and that these training programs in Anglophone SSA countries are offered at or below the bachelor’s level. More than half of the countries do not have OT or PT training programs. The number of qualified OTs and PTs appears to be insufficient to meet the demand for rehabilitation services. Nigeria and South Africa are the only countries offering post-entry-level masters and doctoral-level training programs in physiotherapy and occupational therapy.ConclusionsHigher learning institutions in SSA countries need to collaborate and partner with other regional and foreign universities to elevate the educational training and increase the supply of PTs and OTs in the region.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational therapy and physiotherapy education and workforce in Anglophone sub-Saharan Africa countries

Agho

John

2017

Hum Resour Health

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“…A plethora of guidelines exist for north–south health research collaborations [4, 5, 46, 55, 56]. For the most part, these rules of research collaborations were broadly adhered to in the collaborations explored in this study, including for example the principles of honesty, accountability, professional courtesy, fairness and good stewardship, as outlined in the Montreal Statement on Research Integrity (2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“The way the country has been carved up by researchers”: ethics and power in north–south public health research

Walsh

Brugha

Byrne

2016

Int J Equity Health

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BackgroundDespite the recognition of power as being central to health research collaborations between high income countries and low and middle income countries, there has been insufficient detailed analysis of power within these partnerships. The politics of research in the global south is often considered outside of the remit of research ethics. This article reports on an analysis of power in north–south public health research, using Zambia as a case study.MethodsPrimary data were collected in 2011/2012, through 53 in-depth interviews with: Zambian researchers (n = 20), Zambian national stakeholders (n = 8) and northern researchers who had been involved in public health research collaborations involving Zambia and the global north (n = 25). Thematic analysis, utilising a situated ethics perspective, was undertaken using Nvivo 10.ResultsMost interviewees perceived roles and relationships to be inequitable with power remaining with the north. Concepts from Bourdieu’s theory of Power and Practice highlight new aspects of research ethics: Northern and southern researchers perceive that different habituses exist, north and south - habituses of domination (northern) and subordination (Zambian) in relation to researcher relationships.Bourdieu’s hysteresis effect provides a possible explanation for why power differentials continue to exist. In some cases, new opportunities have arisen for Zambian researchers; however, they may not immediately recognise and grasp them.Bourdieu’s concept of Capitals offers an explanation of how diverse resources are used to explain these power imbalances, where northern researchers are often in possession of more economic, symbolic and social capital; while Zambian researchers possess more cultural capital. ConclusionsInequities and power imbalances need to be recognised and addressed in research partnerships. A situated ethics approach is central in understanding this relationship in north–south public health research.

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“…Interdisciplinary research is an expectation in funded research, and the group involved is highly valued. Global partnerships where collaboration unites complementary skills and knowledge are needed to solve global health problems 16 .…”

Section: Final Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva: análise da produção científica e redes colaborativas de pesquisa

Conner

Provedel

Maciel³

2017

Ciênc. saúde coletiva

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International Research Partnerships in Occupational Therapy: A Canadian–Zambian Case Study

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Occupational therapy and physiotherapy education and workforce in Anglophone sub-Saharan Africa countries

Occupational therapy and physiotherapy education and workforce in Anglophone sub-Saharan Africa countries

“The way the country has been carved up by researchers”: ethics and power in north–south public health research

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva: análise da produção científica e redes colaborativas de pesquisa

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