International Business Travel and Technology Sourcing

Abstract

Access to new foreign technology is often central to countries' development strategies. However, we know very little about the quantitative impact of technology sourcing. In this paper, we study the role of outward international business travel for technology sourcing and innovation by examining whether patenting in European regions is affected by the number of business travelers heading to the United States.

Integrated Model for the Factors Determining the Academic’s Remote Working Productivity and Engagement: Empirical Study

“…Increased email traffic or virtual meetings are examples of obstructive modes of communication that may emerge to make up for the absence of personal conversation. Ultimately, in addition to its effects on the internal operations of the company, less interpersonal communication may also negatively affect interactions with significant stakeholders, such as clients and suppliers, with adverse effects on the overall performance of businesses (Hovhannisyan & Keller, 2019). Limited social engagement and isolation are examples of the opposite effects on employees, which can lower productivity and even affect their health (Ruth & Chaudhry, 2008).…”

Free Digital Products and Aggregate Economic Measurement

“…All these factors have been shown to affect the rate of innovation and knowledge creation (Grossman & Helpman, 1991;Jaffe et al, 1993;Arrow, 1974), especially for creative jobs where information is imperfect, swiftly evolving and not codified (Storper & Venables, 2004). Finally, working from home can have also negative implications for a firm's engagement with important stakeholders such as clients and suppliers, thereby weakening the overall performance of the company (Hovhannisyan & Keller, 2019).…”

Cross-Border Institutions and the Globalization of Innovation

“…Compared with product innovation, process innovation captures more disembodied knowledge, knowledge that cannot be easily reverse-engineered from final products. The diffusion of such knowledge therefore relies more on in-person interactions and the physical exchange of capital (Akcigit et al, 2018;Hovhannisyan and Keller, 2019), both of which are facilitated by BITs.…”

“…This paper adds to the literature on technology transfer and diffusion. Prior work has documented the role of FDI (Aitken and Harrison, 1999;Javorcik, 2004;Keller and Yeaple, 2009), intellectual property rights (Branstetter et al, 2006;Cockburn et al, 2016), financial development (Comin and Nanda, 2019), and geography (Comin et al, 2012;Hovhannisyan and Keller, 2019) in the diffusion of technologies (see Keller (2004) for a survey). Our paper differs from these studies in three ways.…”