Internal Reforming Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Gas Turbine Combined Cycles (IRSOFC-GT): Part A—Cell Model and Cycle Thermodynamic Analysis

Massardo, Aristide F.; Lubelli, F.

doi:10.1115/1.483187

Cited by 248 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The capability of SOFC to internally reform hydrocarbon fuels (mostly CH 4 ) provides SOFC-based systems more flexibility in fuel input [5][6][7][8]. Thus, recently much research and development attention has been paid to SOFC-based IGFC systems.…”

Section: Igfc Development: a Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This efficiency goal as set by the DOE is to account for any penalty associated with CO 2 separation but not that due to its compression to the sequestration pressure. Previous conceptual analyses of such IGFC plants have clearly shown the potential for improved efficiency and emissions relative to other system approaches [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], yet none of the research work published to date have demonstrated this performance goal, mostly due to the fact that even with highly efficient SOFC as the power block, CO 2 separation and the gasification process posed significant efficiency penalties on the system. Besides, integration of an SOFC power block with a gasification system is very different from the integration of gas turbine and steam turbine power blocks that are typical of an integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plant due to the unique operating and control features of SOFC stacks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of highly efficient coal-based integrated gasification fuel cell power plants

Rao

Brouwer

et al. 2010

Journal of Power Sources

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a b s t r a c tIntegrated gasification fuel cell (IGFC) technology combining coal gasification and solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is believed to be the only viable solution to achieving U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)'s performance goal for next generation coal-based power plants, producing electricity at 60% efficiency (coal HHV-AC) while capturing more than 90% of the evolved CO 2 . Achieving this goal is challenging even with high performance SOFCs; design concepts published to date have not demonstrated this performance goal. In this work an IGFC system concept consisting of catalytic hydro-gasification, proven low-temperature gas cleaning and hybrid fuel cell-gas turbine power block (with SOFC operating at about 10 bar) is introduced. The system is demonstrating an electricity efficiency greater than 60% (coal HHV basis), with more than 90% of the carbon present in the syngas separated as CO 2 amenable to sequestration. A unique characteristic of the system is recycling de-carbonized, humidified anode exhaust back to the catalytic hydro-gasifier for improved energy integration. Alternative designs where: (1) anode exhaust is recycled directly back to SOFC stacks, (2) SOFC stack operating pressure is reduced to near atmospheric and (3) methanation reactor in the reactor/expander topping cycle is removed, have also been investigated and the system design and performance differences are discussed.

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Section: Igfc Development: a Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of highly efficient coal-based integrated gasification fuel cell power plants

Rao

Brouwer

et al. 2010

Journal of Power Sources

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“…Two different possibilities are available to connect SOFCs and gas turbine technologies [3,4]: atmospheric ( Figure 1) or pressurised ( Figure 2). In the first case the operative pressure of the stack is atmospheric, while in the second case the stack operates at the same pressure as the gas turbine cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of Pressurised Hybrid Systems Based on Integrated Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (IP‐SOFC) Technology

et al. 2005

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This work describes different models, developed by the Thermochemical Power Group at the University of Genoa (Italy), for the simulation of solid oxide fuel cell and gas turbine hybrid systems. The paper focuses on both “cores” of the system: the fuel cell stack on the one hand and the turbomachinery and the auxiliaries on the other hand. Therefore, in the first part of the paper the models developed for the analysis of the Rolls‐Royce Integrated Planar SOFC cells are presented; the results are compared to experimental data, and carefully analysed and discussed. In the second part of the paper, design and off design models of IP‐SOFC pressurised hybrid systems in the range 250 kW–20 MW are presented; the hybrid performance results are presented and discussed, also taking ambient condition effects and a possible control strategy into account. Finally, using an in‐house general purpose transient system analysis code (TRANSEO code), where chemical composition, heat transfer, and fluid dynamic influences vs. time are considered in detail, a preliminary time dependent investigation of a pressurised hybrid system behaviour is presented.

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“…In the SOFC/GT hybrid system, the fuel cell high temperature SOFC exhaust drives a gas turbine, providing air flow and pressurizing the SOFC while driving an electric generator that produces additional electrical power. As a result, SOFC/GT hybrid systems have demonstrated efficiencies above 50% [5,18] and studies have shown the possibility for electrical conversion above 70% [4,19] when operating on natural gas and above 60% in an integrated coal gasification plant [6,19]. Higher efficiency reduces CO 2 emissions while separated fuel and air flows in the SOFC allow system designs for CO 2 sequestration with minimal performance cost [16,20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These societal issues, coupled with the ever growing demands of an energy intensive lifestyle, highlight the insufficiencies of current power generation technologies. Hybrid solid oxide fuel cell/gas turbine (SOFC/GT) technology is a continuous generation technology that offers the possibility of higher efficiency combined with lower emissions [1][2][3][4]. Commercialization of advanced hybrid SOFC/GT technology requires considerable improvement of core component (e.g., pressurized SOFC) performance, system integration, and dynamical control [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and theoretical evidence for control requirements in solid oxide fuel cell gas turbine hybrid systems

McLarty

Kuniba

Brouwer

et al. 2012

Journal of Power Sources

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a b s t r a c tHybrid fuel cell gas turbine sensitivity to ambient perturbations is analyzed using experimental and dynamic simulation results. Experimental data gathered from the world's first pressurized hybrid SOFC-GT system tested at the University of California, Irvine, capture performance variations due to diurnal temperature oscillations. A dynamic modeling methodology demonstrates accuracy, robustness, and clearly identifies critical system sensitivities that require additional control systems development. Simulation results compare favorably with dynamic experimental responses. Predictions of component temperatures, pressures, voltage and system power exhibited 5• C, 2 kPa, 2 mV, and 0.5% error respectively. Moderate ambient temperature fluctuations, 15• C, caused variations in stack temperature of 30 • C, and system power of 5 kW. Small to moderate changes in fuel composition produced 30• C shifts in stack temperature and 25% changes in system power. Simple control loops manipulating fuel cell air flow through SOFC bypass and inlet temperature through recuperator bypass are shown to effectively mitigate internal temperature transients at the expense of reduced system output. The observed temperature fluctuations resulting from typical environmental perturbations are of concern for performance loss and diminished longevity. Experiments and dynamic simulation results indicate the importance of integrated control systems development for hybrid fuel cell gas turbine systems.

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Internal Reforming Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Gas Turbine Combined Cycles (IRSOFC-GT): Part A—Cell Model and Cycle Thermodynamic Analysis

Cited by 248 publications

References 13 publications

Design of highly efficient coal-based integrated gasification fuel cell power plants

Design of highly efficient coal-based integrated gasification fuel cell power plants

Modelling of Pressurised Hybrid Systems Based on Integrated Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (IP‐SOFC) Technology

Experimental and theoretical evidence for control requirements in solid oxide fuel cell gas turbine hybrid systems

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