Intermodulation product effects on the working of a phased-array transducer acousto-optic switch

́rennou, Andre ́ Pe; Quintard, Véronique; Mevel, Yves; Bihan, Jean Le

doi:10.1117/1.1695408

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…23 It was found that in the mode of the phase modulation index 3 γ π = there is an increase in the efficiency of the AOD. 24 The maxima of diffraction efficiency, as a function of sound power, are observed at: To eliminate the influence of thermal effects in AOD measurements were carried out in pulse mode -the duty cycle is 20. Figure 10 shows the experimental dependences of the maximum efficiency of diffraction of the frequency of the ultrasound.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various methods of controlling this phase shift are known: anti-phase inclusion of neighboring elements, installation of elements on "steps", carved in the crystal in which the interaction occurs, 6 by shifting the phases of the control electrical signals of the multielement Converter. 24,25 However, these solutions are quite technically complex. In 26 shows the possibility of expanding the scanning range of AOD using only two-element piezoelectric transducer Figure 12.…”

Section: Deflector With Two-element Phased Array Piezoelectric Transd...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of physical principles and applications of acousto-optic deflectors on the basis paratellurite

Антонов¹,

Kotelnikov²

2019

PAIJ

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Deflectors based on Bragg non-axial anisotropic diffraction in a paratellurite crystal are considered. Practically significant relations connecting the main parameters are obtained, the factors limiting the diffraction efficiency and the angular scanning range are determined. The mode of multibeam acousto-optic diffraction as a method of creating a multichannel optical information output system is considered. A review of several new, practically implemented methods for increasing the main functional parameters of deflectors is presented. The possibility of using the diffraction mode in the second Bragg maximum in terms of sound amplitude to extend the scanning band is shown. The two-crystal scheme of the deflector, which can significantly improve the efficiency of diffraction, expand the scanning range and create a polarization-insensitive deflector, is considered. Acousto-optic switch of fiber-optic channels was developed. The possibility of using multibeam acousto-optic diffraction to improve the energy efficiency of laser radiation by modifying its profile is established

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Deflector With Two-element Phased Array Piezoelectric Transd...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of physical principles and applications of acousto-optic deflectors on the basis paratellurite

Антонов¹,

Kotelnikov²

2019

PAIJ

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“…For a few years, we have worked on the development of a 2×2 switch based on an acousto-optic Bragg cell for telecommunication applications [7,8,9]. The Bragg cell is made of piezoelectric phased array transducers bonded to a crystalline material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the crosstalk and losses in a multi-transducer acousto-optic switch

Aboujeib

Pérennou

Quintard

et al. 2008

2008 3rd International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies: From Theory to Applications

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We present theoretical and experimental study of losses and crosstalk in a 2×2 optical switch based on a multitransducers acousto-optic TeO 2 deflector. The deflector is realized by superimposition of two phase gratings in the crystal. This study shows that the losses are not significant and that the crosstalk values at the switch outputs depend on the working frequencies. The appropriate choice of the frequencies allows to carry out the switch with crosstalk less than -50dB at the two outputs of the switch and in the two configurations. This acoustooptic switch with phased array transducers is suitable for telecommunication applications.

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“…These include realizations based on optical MEMS [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32], thermal optical [33][34][35], semiconductor optic amplifiers (SOA) [36], liquid crystals [37], electro-holography [38], electro-optical LiNb03 [39], electronically waveguide Bragg grating [9], acousto-optical [40][41][42][43] and opto-optical switches [44][45][46][47][48][49], respectively.…”

Section: Types Of Optical Switchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and fabrication of MEMS optical switches

Li¹

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This thesis focuses on the research related to the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) optical switch consisting of three major areas, micromahined actuator, deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) fabrication, and total internal reflection (TIR) optical switch.Firstly, a stable micromachined actuator with large displacement has been designed and demonstrated. It consists of comb-finger-sets and compliant microstructure to amplify the displacement efficiently and lock the output by bifurcation effect. The amplification obtained is 54.2 when the input displacement is only 0.96 um and it is locked thereafter.Subsequently, a DRIE fabrication process for silicon on insulator (SOI) wafers has been investigated. Based on the study of DRIE process chemically and physically, the notching effect on SOI substrate is eliminated and utilized to realize dry release resolving the station problem by developing a spacer oxide thin film technique.Lastly, a TIR prism optical switch based on the thermo-optic (TO) effect has been studied. It takes the merits of robustness of thermo-optic prism and the precise control and batch fabrication of MEMS. The optical properties including insertion loss, polarization dependent loss and cross-talk are theoretically simulated and proven by experiments.ATTENTION: The Singapore Copyright Act applies to the use of this document. Nanyang Technological University Library It is a pleasure to offer thanks to those who made this dissertation possible and made my stay in NTU most meaningful and enjoyable. ii ATTENTION: The Singapore Copyright Act applies to the use of this document. Nanyang Technological University Library 3.3.1 DRIE fabrication 51 3.3.2 Displacement measurement and discussions 53 3.3.3 Resonant frequency measurement and discussion 55 3.4 FABRICATION TOLERANCE ANALYSIS 57 3.4.1 The effect of the beam profile 59 3.4.2 The effect of a comb finger uneven depth 64 3.4.3 Effect of undercut of microbeams 67 3.5 SUMMARY 70 CHAPTER FOUR THE DEEP RIE PROCESS 73 4.1 DRIE FABRICATION PROCESS FLOW 75 4.2 CHEMISTRY-PHYSICS OF DRIE 77 4.2.1 Effect of platen power 80 4.2.2 Effect of gas flow with source power 83 4.2.3 The effect of the duration of the cyclic etch/passivation cycles 86 4.2.4 Effect of process pressure 87 4.3 THE LOADING EFFECT 89 4.3.1 The loading effect dependence on the design of various features. 89 4.3.2 Etch rate along the process 98 4.3.3 Beam verticality 100 4.4 THE NOTCHING EFFECT 101 4.4.

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Intermodulation product effects on the working of a phased-array transducer acousto-optic switch

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

A review of physical principles and applications of acousto-optic deflectors on the basis paratellurite

A review of physical principles and applications of acousto-optic deflectors on the basis paratellurite

Evaluation of the crosstalk and losses in a multi-transducer acousto-optic switch

Design and fabrication of MEMS optical switches

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