Intermittent Water Supply under Water Scarcity Situations

Vairavamoorthy, Kalanithy; Gorantiwar, S. D.; Mohan, Sushil

doi:10.1080/02508060708691969

Cited by 71 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Each condition is placed in one of five categories, discussed below. Broadest network distribution prioritized Local Governance -Low prices [15] -Water rationing by utility [107] -Network stretched beyond capacity to deliver continuous supply [5,81] -Intermittent supply [2,43,111,113] Consumers overdraw Consumer Response -Water losses/less water in system [32,48] Coping mechanisms among the most impoverished are not observed or understood Local Governance -Politicians do not believe the poor are willing to pay for water [94,127] Demand-supply gap widens Large-Scale Trend -Water rationing by utility [7] We identified a total of 106 cause-consequence pathways between 47 conditions of water intermittency. Table 2 lists each condition in alphabetical order, and the conditions that arise consequentially according to the literature, with citations provided.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…"Serving the last mile" can be complicated by socio-political issues such as secure land tenure or steady income [130], but has its basis in equity when planners choose to provide water to as many people at the lowest prices possible [2,5,113]. However, researchers have found that prioritizing broad distribution can cause water rationing [107], low prices [15], network stretch [81] and, generally, intermittent supply [2,43,111,113]. Unfortunately, the priority of broad delivery compromises service to individual households and produces consequences, such as household water storage, which in turn help to further entrench the intermittent water supply regime.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Without appropriate policies, the system can fall into disrepair [33,62,127,128], which itself causes access inequality [6,107,113] by lowering service for some consumers. Policies can include efforts to support equity: water utilities may sell water at low prices [33,118,128] to make water accessible to the poor, despite the high coping costs intermittent water entails in the absence of sufficient service [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intermittent Domestic Water Supply: A Critical Review and Analysis of Causal-Consequential Pathways

Galaitsi

Russell

Bishara

et al. 2016

Water

119

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Communities in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries, face obstacles in supplying continuous water to household consumers. Authorities often cite water scarcity as the cause, but we demonstrate that environmental constraints constitute only one aspect of a multi-dimensional problem. By asking what causes intermittent domestic water supply, this literature review (129 articles) identifies 47 conditions of intermittent systems and the causal-consequential pathways between them that can reinforce intermittency. These pathways span several disciplines including engineering, government administration and anthropology, and when viewed together they (1) emphasize the human drivers of intermittency; (2) suggest generalized interventions; and (3) reveal a gap in the literature in terms of meaningful categorizations of the reliability of intermittent supplies. Based on the reliability of consumers' water access, we propose three categories of intermittency-predictable, irregular, and unreliable-to facilitate comparisons between case studies and transfers of solutions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intermittent Domestic Water Supply: A Critical Review and Analysis of Causal-Consequential Pathways

Galaitsi

Russell

Bishara

et al. 2016

Water

119

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“…Despite this progress, a staggering population of 884 million still live without access to improved sources. Inadequate water supply in some developing countries (in South Asia, Latin America, and Africa) makes many water utility managers employ intermittent water supply (IWS) as an alternative to continuous supply despite its serious water quality challenges [4]- [6]. Given the limitations on the water resources availability and the increasing demand for water, capacity expansion of the existing systems is unavoidable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision Making for Capacity Expansion of Water Supply Systems

Alhassan¹,

Naser²,

Milani³

et al. 2015

JWARP

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This study developed a systematic decision-making process for water supply capacity expansion using the analytic hierarchy process. The decision-making criteria were categorized into environmental, economic, technical and socio-cultural aspects. Capacity expansion of three water resources (Kpong, Weija and Teshie plants) of Accra-Tema Metropolitan Area (Ghana) was studied as a test case. The research resulted in the environmental criterion with the highest priority weight (52.4%), followed by the economic (30.6%), technical (11.3%) and socio-cultural criteria (5.8%). The overall analysis ranked the Kpong plant with a score of 36.1% followed by the Weija and Teshie plants with scores 33.8% and 30.2%, respectively.

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“…The intermittent service poses a major problem for the 15.1% of the inhabitants below the poverty line [14] who are unable to afford water storage facilities. Moreover, the habitants of the city are also exposed to polluted water owing to leaks in the pipes that are empty during the prolonged periods of interrupted supply [15]. This paper will analyze and discuss the reasons that have lead to the water shortage in Tegucigalpa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Problems faced by a national water utility in an urban area, case study: tegucigalpa, honduras

Coello-Balthasar¹,

Balfors²

2013

Int. J. SDP

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The capital of Honduras, Tegucigalpa, has suffered a shortage of piped water, since the 1980s. The national utility company in charge of supply, SANAA, opted to supply water intermittently, which poses a problem for the population who cannot afford water storage facilities. Interviews were conducted with the various authorities involved in the water sector to reveal why SANAA has not been able to incorporate new sources of water and therefore satisfy the needs of the growing population. The research revealed that SANAA's operations have been hindered by the fast and unorganized growth of the city, the failure of other governmental agencies to comply with their mission effi ciently, and also by the intervention of the Central Government in its operations. Stability of SANAA's management and coordination between governmental agencies are essential for the effi cient operation and long-term planning of and investment in the water sector.

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Intermittent Water Supply under Water Scarcity Situations

Cited by 71 publications

References 2 publications

Intermittent Domestic Water Supply: A Critical Review and Analysis of Causal-Consequential Pathways

Intermittent Domestic Water Supply: A Critical Review and Analysis of Causal-Consequential Pathways

Decision Making for Capacity Expansion of Water Supply Systems

Problems faced by a national water utility in an urban area, case study: tegucigalpa, honduras

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