Intermittent caloric restriction with a modified fasting-mimicking diet ameliorates autoimmunity and promotes recovery in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis

Bai, Ming; Wang, Yan; Han, Ruomei; Xu, Liang; Huang, Meng; Zhao, Jingyu; Lin, Yijun; Song, Shuo; Chen, Yan

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108493

Cited by 34 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Moreover, FMD with cycles of three days of CR followed by four days of normal calorie intake was associated with EAE severity improvement with increased corticosterone and regulatory T cells, reduction of myelin loss, and lower inflammatory cells infiltrates in the spinal cord [112].…”

Section: Fasting-mimicking Diets (Fmd)mentioning

confidence: 91%

The Role of Nutritional Lifestyle and Physical Activity in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis and Management: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

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Studies on the role of nutritional factors and physical activity (PA) in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) go back a long time. Despite the intrinsic difficulty of studying their positive or negative role in MS, the interest of researchers on these topics increased during the last few decades, since the role of diet has been investigated with the perspective of the association with disease-modifying drugs (DMD). The association of DMD, diets, and PA might have an additive effect in modifying disease severity. Among the various diets investigated (low-carbohydrate, gluten-free, Mediterranean, low-fat, fasting-mimicking, and Western diets) only low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean, and fast-mimicking diets have shown both in animal models and in humans a positive effect on MS course and in patient-reported outcomes (PROs). However, the Mediterranean diet is easier to be maintained compared to fast-mimicking and low-carbohydrate diets, which may lead to detrimental side effects requiring careful clinical monitoring. Conversely, the Western diet, which is characterized by a high intake of highly saturated fats and carbohydrates, may lead to the activation of pro-inflammatory immune pathways and is therefore not recommended. PA showed a positive effect both in animal models as well as on disease course and PROs in humans. Training with combined exercises is considered the more effective approach.

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Section: Fasting-mimicking Diets (Fmd)mentioning

confidence: 91%

The Role of Nutritional Lifestyle and Physical Activity in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis and Management: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

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“…A high-fat diet that leads to metabolic syndrome and is accompanied by a pro-inflammatory adipokine profile worsens EAE in mice, while caloric restriction attenuates clinical symptoms and reduces immune cell infiltration and demyelination in the CNS, which is accompanied by increased adiponectin and corticosterone levels and a decrease in leptin and IL-6 [ 166 ]. In line, intermittent fasting reduced clinical signs accompanied with reduced T cell infiltration and demyelination in EAE mice [ 167 ] and also attenuates demyelination in the cuprizone mouse model, where toxic demyelination is induced without adding an immune component [ 168 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipokines as Immune Cell Modulators in Multiple Sclerosis

Rijnsburger

Djuric

Mulder

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), is a major clinical and societal problem, which has a tremendous impact on the life of patients and their proxies. Current immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory therapies prove to be relatively effective; however, they fail to concomitantly stop ongoing neurological deterioration and do not reverse acquired disability. The proportion to which genetic and environmental factors contribute to the etiology of MS is still incompletely understood; however, a recent association between MS etiology and obesity was shown, with obesity greatly increasing the risk of developing MS. An altered balance of adipokines, which are white adipose tissue (WAT) hormones, plays an important role in the low-grade chronic inflammation during obesity by their pervasive modification of local and systemic inflammation. Vice versa, inflammatory factors secreted by immune cells affect adipokine function. To explore the role of adipokines in MS pathology, we will here review the reciprocal effects of adipokines and immune cells and summarize alterations in adipokine levels in MS patient cohorts. Finally, we will discuss proof-of-concept studies demonstrating the therapeutic potential of adipokines to target both neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration processes in MS.

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“…The FMD contained high level of fiber and low level of protein, kindly provided by Beijing Winlife Research Institute of Nutrition, Health, Food Science, and Technology (Beijing, China). The nutrition components of FMD were reported previously, [15][16][17] and are shown in Table S2 (Supporting Information) together with those of normal chow and HFHSD. All animals were maintained and used in accordance with the guidelines of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences with an approval number SINH-2020-CY-1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…We used a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) to establish a NAFLD mouse model, [18,19] and then analyzed the potential intervention activity of intermittent of a FMD low in carbohydrate/protein but high in dietary fibers, [15][16][17] different from the FMD reported by Longo's group. [10][11][12][13][14] C57BL/6J mice at eighth weeks old were divided into three groups (Figure 1A).…”

Section: Intermittent Use Of the Fmd Ameliorates Obesity And Insulin Resistance Induced By High-fat High-sucrose Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improvement of Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice by Intermittent Use of a Fasting‐Mimicking Diet

Zhao

Bai

Wei

et al. 2021

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope: Liver plays a central role in maintaining lipid homeostasis which is dysregulated in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) caused by overload of dietary fat, increase in lipid synthesis, and alteration of fatty acid oxidation in the liver. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether intermittent calorie restriction using a fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) is able to slow down the progression of NAFLD in mice. Methods and Results: This study analyzed the intervention activity of a FMD low in carbohydrate/protein but high in dietary fibers with a NAFLD mouse model induced by high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHSD). Intermittent application of the FMD reduces HFHSD-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. The FMD decreases the size of adipocytes and elevates expression of lipolysis genes and HSL protein in white adipose tissue. HFHSD-induced lipid accumulation in the liver is reduced by the FMD, accompanied by a reduction of macrophage marker in the liver. RNA sequencing reveals that the expression of a number of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation is elevated by the FMD. Conclusion: The findings indicate that intermittent application of the FMD can improve NAFLD, at least in part, through increased lipolysis in white adipose tissue and elevated fatty acid oxidation in the liver.

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Intermittent caloric restriction with a modified fasting-mimicking diet ameliorates autoimmunity and promotes recovery in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis

Cited by 34 publications

References 37 publications

The Role of Nutritional Lifestyle and Physical Activity in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis and Management: A Narrative Review

The Role of Nutritional Lifestyle and Physical Activity in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis and Management: A Narrative Review

Adipokines as Immune Cell Modulators in Multiple Sclerosis

Improvement of Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice by Intermittent Use of a Fasting‐Mimicking Diet

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