Intermittent Burning of Ammonium Perchlorate-Hydrocarbon Binder Monomodal Matrixes, Sandwiches, and Propellants

Chakravarthy, Satyanarayanan R.; Seitzman, Jerry M.; Price, E. W.; Sigman, R. K.

doi:10.2514/1.9236

Cited by 53 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The pressure-exponent values ν along with their pressure ranges and burning rate u(p) ranges of the most prominent plateau-burning formulations are listed in Table 3. In almost all the cases where a low pressure exponent is observed in the low-to-mid-pressure range (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8), the pressure range overlaps with that of the mid-pressure extinction of the corresponding matrix contained in the propellant [13]. This low pressure exponent is referred to as the "low-pressure plateau."…”

Section: Propellant Burning Ratesmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The present work extends the earlier work of Chakravarthy et al [13,14] to focus on developing propellant formulations that exhibit plateau burning rate trends, since only limited data were presented on propellants in these works. As part of the present study, it has been possible to formulate ten propellant compositions, more than half of which have shown low pressure exponents.…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Combustion photography was performed in the present work, using a window bomb, as in many earlier works [13][14][15][16][17]. The window bomb consists of a pressure vessel having two windows, one for illumination of the sample and the other for viewing with a video camera.…”

Section: Burning Rate Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The binder involved was HTPB cured by IPDI. Chakravarthy et al [13] proceeded to test the above-described results obtained on sandwiches with a family of two bimodal AP propellants and obtained plateau burning rate trends over limited pressure ranges. These propellants were also with the HTPB-IPDI binder.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…This paper intends to confirm the approach of examining the fine AP/binder matrixes for mid-pressure extinction to identify candidate propellant formulations that could yield plateau burning rate trends. The choice of the coarse AP size in retaining plateau burning rates at elevated as well as low pressures is also highlighted, as has been done in the earlier works [13,14], although mostly with sandwiches and some limited data on propellants. …”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

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Ammonium perchlorate-based composite solid propellant formulations with plateau burning rate trends

Banerjee

Chakravarthy

2007

Combust Explos Shock Waves

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This paper presents burning rates as a function of pressure of several propellant formulations based on ammonium perchlorate (AP) and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene cured by isophorone diisocyanate, many of which exhibit significantly low (nearly zero or negative) values of the pressure exponent of the burning rate in distinct pressure ranges, termed as plateau burning rate trends. The propellants contain a bimodal distribution of AP particles with the size of the coarse and fine particles within narrow ranges whose mean values are widely separated. Two mean sizes of fine particles were considered for the propellant formulations in the present work, namely, 5 and 20 µm. These choices are based on the mid-pressure extinction behavior exhibited by the matrix of fine AP and binder contained in the propellants but when tested alone over a wide range of fine AP size and pressure. The propellants that include the fine AP/binder matrixes exhibiting a mid-pressure extinction, in turn, exhibit the plateau burning rate trends within the corresponding pressure ranges. A plateau is also observed at elevated pressures in the burning rates of some formulations, which is related to the diminishing relative importance of the near-surface leading-edge region of the oxidizer/fuel diffusion flame in the gas-phase combustion zone. The choice of the coarse AP size influences the exact pressure range within the mid-pressure extinction domain of the matrix where the propellant exhibits the plateau burning rate trends.Key words: composite solid propellants, plateau burning rate trends, mid-pressure extinction, bimodal distribution.It is well known [1] that a low value of the pressure exponent of the burning rate of a solid propellant is desirable to improve the design margin of solid rocket motors. A low (zero or negative) value of the pressure exponent also reduces the sensitivity of the pressure developed in the combustion chamber of the rocket motor to the initial temperature of the propellant. Quasisteady homogeneous one-dimensional (QSHOD) analy-

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Section: Propellant Burning Ratesmentioning

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Burning Rate Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 96%

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Ammonium perchlorate-based composite solid propellant formulations with plateau burning rate trends

Banerjee

Chakravarthy

2007

Combust Explos Shock Waves

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Stroboskopgemische: pyrotechnische Mischungen mit oszillierendem Verbrennungsverhalten

Corbel

Lingen²,

Zevenbergen³

et al. 2012

Angewandte Chemie

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Stroboskopgemische sind pyrotechnische Zusammensetzungen, die ein oszillierendes Verbrennungsverhalten zeigen; eine Dunkel‐ und eine Leuchtphase alternieren periodisch. Der Stroboskopeffekt wird in verschiedenen Bereichen, aber hauptsächlich in der Feuerwerksindustrie und im militärischen Bereich angewendet. Alle Stroboskopgemische, die in der Literatur beschrieben werden, wurden durch systematisches Ausprobieren entdeckt und die zugrundeliegenden Mechanismen bleiben ungeklärt. Viele oszillierende Systeme wurden beobachtet, und es wurden Theorien entwickelt, die auf chemischen Prozessen oder physikalischen Prozessen beruhen, um ihr instabiles Verhalten aufzuklären. Diese Systeme werden mit experimentellen Beobachtungen an Stroboskopgemischen verglichen.

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Strobes: Pyrotechnic Compositions That Show a Curious Oscillatory Combustion

et al. 2012

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Strobes are pyrotechnic compositions which show an oscillatory combustion; a dark phase and a flash phase alternate periodically. The strobe effect has applications in various fields, most notably in the fireworks industry and in the military area. All strobe compositions mentioned in the literature were discovered by trial and error methods and the mechanisms involved remain unclear. Many oscillatory systems such as Belousov-Zhabotinsky reactions, cool flames, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis have been observed and theories developed to elucidate their unstable behavior based on chemical interactions or based on physical processes. These systems are compared to experimental observations made on strobe mixtures.

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Intermittent Burning of Ammonium Perchlorate-Hydrocarbon Binder Monomodal Matrixes, Sandwiches, and Propellants

Cited by 53 publications

References 5 publications

Ammonium perchlorate-based composite solid propellant formulations with plateau burning rate trends

Ammonium perchlorate-based composite solid propellant formulations with plateau burning rate trends

Stroboskopgemische: pyrotechnische Mischungen mit oszillierendem Verbrennungsverhalten

Strobes: Pyrotechnic Compositions That Show a Curious Oscillatory Combustion

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