Intermittency-Driven Complexity in Signal Processing

Abstract

In this chapter, we rst discuss the main motivations that are causing an increasing interest of many research elds and the interdisciplinary eort of many research groups towards the new paradigm of complexity. Then, without claiming to include all possible complex systems, which is much beyond the scope of this review, we introduce a possible denition of complexity. Along this line, we also introduce our particular approach to the analysis and modeling of complex systems. This is based on the ubiquitous observation of metastability of self-organization, which triggers the emergence of intermittent events with fractal statistics. This condition, named fractal intermittency, is the signature of a particular class of complexity here referred to as Intermittency-Driven Complexity (IDC). Limiting to the IDC framework, we give a survey of some recently developed statistical tools for the analysis of complex behavior in multi-component systems and we review recent applications to real data, especially in the eld of human physiology. Finally, we give a brief discussion about the role of complexity paradigm in human health and wellness.

Online Communication and Body Language

“…Thus, the consequences of passing online probably include remediation mechanisms related to the use of the new digital technologies (Bolter and Grusin, 1999). These mechanisms are compatible with the self-organization paradigm of complexity: cooperative social dynamics between different individuals/groups trigger the emergence of a new dynamical equilibrium in a relatively short time due to an environmental change (in this case, the new digital technologies) (Zeleny, 1977;Santos et al, 2006;Paradisi et al, 2015;Paradisi and Allegrini, 2017;Mahmoodi et al, 2018). The equilibrium is constrained to the optimization of social interactivity mediated by the new technology, the optimum possibly being a condition as nearest as possible to live interactivity.…”

Transient Anomalous Diffusion MRI in Excised Mouse Spinal Cord: Comparison Among Different Diffusion Metrics and Validation With Histology

“…With its capability to probe tissues with l D below the micrometer scale, transient anomalous diffusion (tAD) ( Capuani and Palombo, 2020 ) and its new local parameters would dramatically increase DMRI diagnostic potential in detecting collective, micro and sub-micro architectural changes of human tissues due to pathological damage. Anomalous diffusion ( Metzler and Klafter, 2000 ; Burov et al, 2011 ; Metzler et al, 2014 ; Chakraborty and Roichman, 2020 ) is ubiquitously observed in many complex biological systems, ranging from soft matter, e.g., the cell cytoplasm, membrane ( Saxton and Jacobson, 1997 ; Tolić-Nørrelykke et al, 2004 ; Golding and Cox, 2006 ; Zaid et al, 2009 ; Weigel et al, 2011 ; Javanainen et al, 2012 ; Hofling and Franosch, 2013 ; Honigmann et al, 2013 ; Jeon et al, 2016 ; Metzler et al, 2016 ; Pöschke et al, 2016 ) and, extracellular space (ECS) ( Sykovà and Nicholson, 2008 ; Sherpa et al, 2014 ; Nicholson, 2015 ; Xiao et al, 2015 ) to the nucleus ( Bronstein et al, 2009 ; Stadler and Weiss, 2017 ; Pierro et al, 2018 ) and neuro-physiological systems ( Allegrini et al, 2015 ; Paradisi and Allegrini, 2017 ).…”

Finite-energy Lévy-type motion through heterogeneous ensemble of Brownian particles

“…Random times, also called waiting times (WTs), describe a trapping mechanism due to a sequence of potential wells [52,53], thus this particular CTRW model can describe only subdiffusion (φ < 1). The WT is the intermediate long time between two crucial short-time events, each one given by the escape from a given well and the jump into another one, thus CTRW is essentially driven by the sequence of WTs, described by a renewal point process [6,[54][55][56][57][58]. Several CTRW models have been introduced and investigated, but the subdiffusive CTRW remains probably the most studied and applied one, with the exception of socalled Lévy Walk (LW) model, which is a CTRW whose jumps and WTs are coupled [59][60][61].…”