2016
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11397
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Intermediate honeycomb ordering to trigger oxygen redox chemistry in layered battery electrode

Abstract: Sodium-ion batteries are attractive energy storage media owing to the abundance of sodium, but the low capacities of available cathode materials make them impractical. Sodium-excess metal oxides Na2MO3 (M: transition metal) are appealing cathode materials that may realize large capacities through additional oxygen redox reaction. However, the general strategies for enhancing the capacity of Na2MO3 are poorly established. Here using two polymorphs of Na2RuO3, we demonstrate the critical role of honeycomb-type c… Show more

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Cited by 259 publications
(260 citation statements)
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References 46 publications
(68 reference statements)
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“…The pre-edge peak above 530 eV in sXAS O K-edge of LNRO (Fig. 4d) at the pristine and discharged states was more pronounced compared to that of LNMO, due to the different hybridization features between Ru-O 60 and Mn-O 28 . Additionally, the difference between the pristine and discharged LNRO samples is likely due to the formation of surface species, which is often different for materials with different surface reactivity.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…The pre-edge peak above 530 eV in sXAS O K-edge of LNRO (Fig. 4d) at the pristine and discharged states was more pronounced compared to that of LNMO, due to the different hybridization features between Ru-O 60 and Mn-O 28 . Additionally, the difference between the pristine and discharged LNRO samples is likely due to the formation of surface species, which is often different for materials with different surface reactivity.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Previous XAS results 6,7,10,1214,3032 mainly utilized electron and fluorescence based detection modes (Fig. 2b), which are distorted by surface contributions, self-absorption, and peak broadening effects and show only a weak and broad feature at the same energy.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, Li-rich surface and near-surface regions often exhibit oxygen evolution and reconstruction during delithiation 2428 , yet surface-sensitive X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is often used to infer the nature of bulk anion redox 5,9,11,29 . Likewise, correlations between spatially averaged X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) are often used to assess hybridization 6,7,10,1214,3032 , which assumes that redox chemistry occurs uniformly. The relatively subtle evolution in the spectra during anion redox, combined with their sensitivity to probing depth (a few nm for quantitative XPS and total-electron-yield (TEY) XAS) and detection mode (e.g., self-absorption distortions in fluorescence-yield (FY) XAS) has contributed to the conflicting proposed mechanisms for oxygen redox in certain materials and, consequently, explanations for its role in determining capacity and electrochemical stability 15,21,22,32,33 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A recent work from Yamada and co-workers demonstrated the critical role of honeycomb-type cation ordering in Na 2 RuO 3 to trigger the oxygen redox process by evaluating the Na storage behaviors of two ordered and disordered polymorphs. [27] The ordered Na 2 RuO 3 with in-plan honeycomb ordering exhibited a capacity of 180 mA h g −1 based on a 1.3-electron reaction, while disordered Na 2 RuO 3 delivered only 135 mA h g −1 with a 1.0-electron reaction. The additional capacity delivered by the ordered Na 2 RuO 3 could be attributed to the formation of an ordered intermediate O1-phase NaRuO 3 .…”
Section: Layered Oxides With Anion Redox Couplementioning
confidence: 96%