Intermediate high index layer for laser mode tuning in organic semiconductor lasers

Stroisch, M.; Woggon, Thomas; Teiwes-Morin, C.; Klinkhammer, Sönke; Forberich, Karen; Gombert, Andreas; Gerken, Martina; Lemmer, Uli

doi:10.1364/oe.18.005890

Cited by 36 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…14). In DFB and DBR lasers, the emitted wavelength is also dependent on the effective refractive index of the guided mode, as shown in Eqn (1), offering another route for tuning, either by making an active nanopatterned layer with a wedged shape,170 or by depositing the active layer onto a wedged high‐index layer 171…”

Section: Recent Trends In Optically Pumped Organic Laser Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in solid‐state organic lasers

Chénais

Forget

2011

Polymer International

344

280

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Organic solid-state lasers are reviewed, with a special emphasis on works published during the last decade. Referring originally to dyes in solid-state polymeric matrices, organic lasers also include the rich family of organic semiconductors, paced by the rapid development of organic light emitting diodes. Organic lasers are broadly tunable coherent sources are potentially compact, convenient and manufactured at low-costs. In this review, we describe the basic photophysics of the materials used as gain media in organic lasers with a specific look at the distinctive feature of dyes and semiconductors. We also outline the laser architectures used in state-of-the-art organic lasers and the performances of these devices with regard to output power, lifetime, and beam quality. A survey of the recent trends in the field is given, highlighting the latest developments in terms of wavelength coverage, wavelength agility, efficiency and compactness, or towards integrated low-cost sources, with a special focus on the great challenges remaining for achieving direct electrical pumping. Finally, we discuss the very recent demonstration of new kinds of organic lasers based on polaritons or surface plasmons, which open new and very promising routes in the field of organic nanophotonics.

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Section: Recent Trends In Optically Pumped Organic Laser Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in solid‐state organic lasers

Chénais

Forget

2011

Polymer International

344

280

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Continuously tunable laser emission from 621 to 657 nm above a threshold of 38 μJ/cm 2 was obtained from an organic solid-state DFB source based on a wedgeshaped Alq 3 :DCM film [214]. In separate experiments on Alq 3 :DCM DFB lasers, tuning of the emission wavelength over a range of 54 nm, spanning from 612 nm to 670 nm was demonstrated by using a wedge-shaped, high-index tantalum pentoxide layer between the substrate and the active medium [215].…”

Section: Laser and Photonics Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic solid‐state integrated amplifiers and lasers

Grivas

Pollnau

2012

Laser & Photonics Reviews

209

202

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Solid-state organic amplifiers and lasers are attractive for hybrid integration due to their compatibility with different material platforms, straightforward processing, and possibility to optimize easily their optical and electronic properties by molecular engineering. Advances in the gain medium design and synthesis in combination with new resonator architectures led to tremendous improvements in temporal and spectral properties, lifetime stability, gains produced and operating threshold powers, which triggered interest in their use for a broad range of integrated photonic applications. In this contribution, the current state-of-the-art in the field of organic solid-state amplifiers and lasers is reviewed from the aspects of fabrication technology, gain materials, and device performance. Furthermore, examples of the progress of this technology from a laboratory curiosity to one that demonstrates practical integrated photonic applications are highlighted. An outlook is also provided on research areas and applications that are likely to shape further developments of this technology. (Figure reprinted from [296],

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“…High index materials, e.g. titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ,

n = 2.1 - 2.5

), indium tin oxide (ITO,

n = 1.9

), or tantal(V)‐oxid (Ta 2 O 5 ,

n = 1.8

), are usually applied by evaporation techniques. Metals and silicon would provide yet higher refractive indices but have the drawback of introducing significantly greater losses to the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoimprinted distributed feedback lasers comprising TiO₂ thin films: Design guidelines for high performance sensing

Vannahme

Leung

Richter

et al. 2013

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Design guidelines for optimizing the sensing performance of nanoimprinted second order distributed feedback dye lasers are presented. The guidelines are verified by experiments and simulations. The lasers, fabricated by UV‐nanoimprint lithography into Pyrromethene doped Ormocomp thin films on glass, have their sensor sensitivity enhanced by a factor of up to five via the evaporation of a titanium dioxide (TiO2) waveguiding layer. The influence of the TiO2 layer thickness on the device sensitivity is analyzed with a simple model that accurately predicts experimentally measured wavelength shifts induced by varied superstrate refractive indices. The superstrate refractive index is additionally shown to determine which of the possible waveguiding modes dominates for lasing, indicating a method to flexibly select the polarization of the laser. The detection limit of the sensor system is further discussed, finding an optimum at 7.5· 10−6 RIU. Wavelength changes caused by dye bleaching must be taken into account for long‐term measurements.

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Intermediate high index layer for laser mode tuning in organic semiconductor lasers

Cited by 36 publications

References 14 publications

Recent advances in solid‐state organic lasers

Recent advances in solid‐state organic lasers

Organic solid‐state integrated amplifiers and lasers

Nanoimprinted distributed feedback lasers comprising TiO₂ thin films: Design guidelines for high performance sensing

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Intermediate high index layer for laser mode tuning in organic semiconductor lasers

Cited by 36 publications

References 14 publications

Recent advances in solid‐state organic lasers

Recent advances in solid‐state organic lasers

Organic solid‐state integrated amplifiers and lasers

Nanoimprinted distributed feedback lasers comprising TiO2 thin films: Design guidelines for high performance sensing

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Nanoimprinted distributed feedback lasers comprising TiO₂ thin films: Design guidelines for high performance sensing