Interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha serum levels in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

Bladé, Joan; Filella, X; Montoto, Silvia; Bosch, Francesc; Rosiñol, Laura; Coca, Francesca; Giné, Eva; Nadal, E.; Aymerich, Marta; Rozman, Marı́a; Montserrat, Emili

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2141.2002.03424.x

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…All patients in this study had baseline concentrations of IL-6 below what is considered the upper limit of normal (i.e., 5 ng/L) [26][27][28]. At both 48 and 96-144 h postoperation, all patients had increased IL-6 concentrations compared with their preoperative values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Hepcidin, interleukin-6 and hematological iron markers in males before and after heart surgery

Hoppe

Lönnerdal

Hossain

et al. 2009

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Hepcidin, interleukin-6 and hematological iron markers in males before and after heart surgery

Hoppe

Lönnerdal

Hossain

et al. 2009

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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“…7,8 Elevated serum concentrations of IL-6 have been previously reported in patients with other B-cell-associated diseases such as multiple myeloma, Castleman or Schnitzler syndrome, and a minority of patients with monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) without polyneuropathy. [8][9][10] Furthermore, disease activity in B-cell-driven autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus as well as in B-cell hematological malignancies has been shown to be correlated with IL-6 serum levels. 8,9 In our study, patients with IgM-PNP and elevated IL-6 did not have a distinct clinical (e.g., progressive) phenotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum cytokine patterns in immunoglobulin m monoclonal gammopathy‐associated polyneuropathy

et al. 2019

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Introduction: Polyneuropathy with immunoglobulin M monoclonal gammopathy (IgM‐PNP) is associated with the presence of IgM antibodies against nerve constituents such as myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG) and gangliosides. Methods: To test whether B‐cell‐stimulating cytokines are increased in IgM‐PNP, we measured serum concentrations of 11 cytokines in 81 patients with IgM‐PNP and 113 controls. Results: Median interleukin (IL)‐6 concentrations were higher in patients with IgM‐PNP, and median IL‐10 concentrations were higher in the subgroup with anti‐MAG IgM antibodies. These serum concentrations were not increased in 110 patients with multifocal motor neuropathy. Discussion: Median IL‐6 and IL‐10 serum concentrations differ between patients with anti‐MAG neuropathy and other patients with IgM‐PNP compared with healthy and neuropathy controls. These differences may indicate differences in immune‐mediated disease mechanisms. Muscle Nerve 59:694–698, 2019

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“…46,47 However, in our experience, an increase in the serum levels of these two cytokines was not associated with a higher probability of malignant evolution. 48 What limits plasma cell growth and maintains a long-lasting MGUS state is uncertain. It seems that a second 'hit' is necessary to activate the mechanisms to promote plasma cell growth, with the malignant transformation being a matter of plasma cell quantity and time.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Progressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis and progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

et al. 2008

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In Caucasians, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is an age-related condition with prevalence as high as 3% in persons older than 50 years. Compared with whites, blacks have around two-and threefold higher prevalence rates of MGUS and multiple myeloma (MM), respectively. Risk of progression from MGUS to MM has been found to be very similar in whites and blacks. On average, the transformation rate to a malignant monoclonal gammopathy is 1% per year, with the mechanisms of progression likely related to bone marrow microenvironment and/or the cytokine network. Overall, the actuarial probability of progression at 25 years of follow-up is about 30%. However, when the competing causes of death are taken into account, the actual rate of progression is only 11%. The predictors of malignant transformation are the plasma cell mass (M-protein size and/or proportion of plasma cell in the bone marrow), IgA isotype, serum free light-chain ratio and 'evolving' type and ratio between phenotypically aberrant and normal bone marrow plasma cells. It is recommended to follow these patients, particularly those with high risk of progression, annually to detect MM before complications, such as renal failure or extensive skeletal, involvement occur. Leukemia ConceptThe term monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) indicates the presence of a monoclonal protein (M-protein) in individuals with no features of multiple myeloma (MM), Waldenströ m's macroglobulinemia, primary amyloidosis or other related disorders. 1 Patients with MGUS have a serum M-protein size lower than 3 g per 100 ml, and proportion of bone marrow plasma cells of less than 10%, with no clinical manifestations related to their monoclonal gammopathy (Table 1). 1,2 MGUS was initially considered to be a benign condition and was frequently named 'benign' or 'idiopathic' monoclonal gammopathy. 3,4 However, from the time of the pioneer observations in the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN, USA) series, this disorder could no longer be considered as 'benign' as a number of patients ultimately develop a malignant monoclonal gammopathy. 1,[5][6][7][8] For this reason, Dr Robert Kyle coined the term 'monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance'. 1,5 Considering that MGUS is usually an unexpected finding in a routine medical survey, or in the study of an unrelated disorder, not surprisingly, this condition is usually first seen by physicians working in many different fields of medical practice. In consequence, it is crucial to know the significance of the finding: whether it will require further investigation and whether it will remain stable or, by the contrary, will evolve into a symptomatic monoclonal gammopathy requiring therapeutic intervention. 9 EpidemiologyPrior studies based on Caucasians showed that the prevalence of MGUS increases with age. For many years, it was considered that the prevalence of MGUS was 1 and 3 % in persons older than 50 and 70 years, respectively. 10-14 However, in a recent study performed on residents of Olms...

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Interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha serum levels in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Hepcidin, interleukin-6 and hematological iron markers in males before and after heart surgery

Hepcidin, interleukin-6 and hematological iron markers in males before and after heart surgery

Serum cytokine patterns in immunoglobulin m monoclonal gammopathy‐associated polyneuropathy

Pathogenesis and progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

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