Interleukin 1 activity in haemolymph from strains of the snail biomphalaria glabrata varying in susceptibility to the human blood fluke, Schistosoma mansoni: presence, differential expression, and biological function

Immunocytochemical evidence of PDGF- and TGF-β-like molecules in invertebrate and vertebrate immunocytes: An evolutionary approach

“…CRH--4ACTH--4bio-genic amines (Ottaviani et al, 1992a(Ottaviani et al, , 1993a. Moreover, cytokine-Iike molecules are also present in invertebrates (Cherbas, 1973;Beck & Habicht, 1986Beck et al, 1989;Hughes et al, 1990Hughes et al, , 1991Hughes et al, , 1992Raftos et al, 1991;Stefano et al, 1991;Paemen et al, 1992;Ottaviani et al, 1993b;Granath et al, 1994;Ouwe-Missi-OukemBoyer et al, 1994;Cooper et al, 1995;Franchini et al, 1996). In molluscs, we have also demonstrated that the different cytokines have maintained the same characteristics found in mammals, (Ottaviani et al, , 1995a.…”

Thermal preferences of wintering snails Planorbarius corneus (L.) exposed to lipopolysaccharide and zymosan

“…Indispensably for the immune function including fever induction in endotherms are cytokines, which are regarded as endogenous pyrogens and regulators of the defense mechanisms (Kluger et al, 1995;Kozak et al, 1997). Therefore, studies revealing the resemblance of cytokine-like molecules in snails and vertebrates (Ottaviani et al, 1993;Granath et al, 1994;Fainzibler et al, 1996;Franchini et al, 1996;Hermann et al, 2000) point to the possible existence of underlying common factors in the control of thermoregulation and further support the hypothesis that there is a high degree of uniformity in the immune mechanisms among animals (Ottaviani, 2011).…”

Parasite-Invertebrate Host Immune Interactions

“…Similarly, the findings of significantly higher levels of IL-1-like plasma activity in resistant B. glabrata strains, parasite-induced elevations ofIL-1 in a resistant snails, and an in vitro priming effect of human recombinant IL-l on hemocytes of resistant, but not susceptible, snail strains (Granath et al 1994), suggest a parasite immune regulatory role for this, and possibly other, invertebrate cytokines. In vitro exposure of B. glabrata hemocytes to excretory-secretory products of schistosome sporocysts, induces the synthesis and release of several polypeptides, termed hemokines (Yoshino and Lodes 1988).…”

“…Comparative analyses of plasma from susceptible and resistant B. glabrata strains, have led to the identification of several possible hemocyte "activating" and/or recognition factors based primarily on their unique or enhanced occurrence in resistant B. glabrata strains. Potential candidates include a 57 kDa, mannan-specific plasma lectin/opsonin (Fryer et al 1989), 55 and 80~ 120 kDa ("G2M") polystyrene cytoadherence polypeptides (Uchikawa and Loker 1992), a 55-kDa S. mansoni sporocyst-binding polypeptide (Spray and Granath 1990), nonhemoglobin-associated glycoproteins of 70, 116 and 205 kDa (Vietri and Granath 1992), carbohydrate-binding polypeptides of 55, 92 and 150~210 kDa (Monroy et al 1992), and plasma factors with interleukin-1 (Granath et al 1994) or TNFo:-like (OuweMissi-Oukem-Boyer et al 1994) activities. Immune-reactive snail TNFo: has a molecular weight of approx.…”