In high-temperature ceramic superconductors, vortices motion is caused by the strong thermal fluctuations due to the thermally activated flux flow (TAFF). The TAFF impedes the transport properties and critical current density of superconductors. It has been reported that the addition of nanoscale impurities can create artificial pining centers that may improve flux pinning capability and inter-granular coupling in ceramic superconductors. Here, the effects of different amounts (0.0 to 1.0 wt%) of ZnO nanoparticles on the TAFF behavior and zero temperature activation energy of the Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ superconducting phase have been studied using the modified TAFF model. Moreover, the impacts of the additive on the inter-granular traits and the Josephson coupling energy of the superconducting phase have been investigated using AC susceptibility measurements. Results indicate that the vortex phases for all composites are divided into three vortex regions, but the temperature ranges in each region are different for various amounts of the additives. A vortex glass to vortex liquid transition at Tg was obtained from the analysis. The vortex liquid region is divided into the critical and TAFF ones. It was found that the TAFF region is shifted to the higher temperatures and gets narrower by adding the ZnO nanoparticles up to 0.2 wt%. The Tg increases from 93.8 K for the ZnO free sample to 101.0 K for the sample with 0.2 wt% ZnO nanoparticles. In addition, the zero temperature activation energy (U0/KB) increases from ~ 0.4×105 K for the ZnO free sample to ~ 1.4×105 K for the sample with 0.2 wt% ZnO nanoparticles and then decreases for higher values of additive. Moreover, it was found that the Josephson coupling energy Ej increases from ~ 0.037 eV for ZnO free sample to ~ 0.130 eV for the sample with 0.2 wt% additives. These results point out the significant improvement of the flux pinning capability and inter-granular coupling of the Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ superconducting phase with the addition of the 0.2 wt% ZnO nanoparticles.