Intergranular Cracking of Ni-16Cr-9Fe Alloys in High Temperature Water

Sung, Jin Kyung; Was, Gary S.

doi:10.5006/1.3585194

Cited by 32 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Was and coworkers [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and Vaillant,et al,13 reported a correlation between the occurrence of IG-SCC in hydrogenated high-temperature water/steam conditions and creep behavior for nickel-based alloys with various carbon and chromium concentrations. Regarding the mechanism of IGSCC of austenitic SS, Arioka, et al, 2 reported that GB sliding might play an important role by itself or in conjunction with other reactions such as crack tip dissolution, based upon closer observations of the initiation of IGSCC after CERT testing in hydrogenated environments and a comparison with surfaces produced in creep testing.…”

Section: Role Of Grain Boundary Sliding On the Intergranular Stress Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Carbide Precipitation and Rolling Direction on Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking of Austenitic Stainless Steels in Hydrogenated High-Temperature Water

Arioka¹,

Yamada²,

Terachi³

et al. 2006

CORROSION

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The intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) growth behavior of austenitic stainless steels (SS) in hydrogenated high-temperature water were studied using compact tension specimens (0.5T for cold-worked materials). The effects of carbide precipitation, alloy composition, and the cold rolling direction on crack growth behavior were studied. Then, to examine these infl uences on IGSCC, grain boundary sliding was studied in high-temperature air. The similar dependences of carbide precipitation, cold work, and rolling direction on IGSCC and creep behaviors suggest that grain boundary sliding plays an important role by itself or in conjunction with other reactions such as crack tip dissolution.

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Section: Role Of Grain Boundary Sliding On the Intergranular Stress Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Carbide Precipitation and Rolling Direction on Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking of Austenitic Stainless Steels in Hydrogenated High-Temperature Water

Arioka¹,

Yamada²,

Terachi³

et al. 2006

CORROSION

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“…Other researchers [25][26][27][28][29] performed detailed analyses of crack tips using analytical transmission electron microscopy (ATEM) to characterize the mechanism of IGSCC in nonsensitized Type 304 in BWR environments and of CW316 in PWR environments. Furthermore, Was and coworkers [30][31][32][33][34][35][36] and Vaillant, et al, 37 studied the role of GB sliding on IGSCC of nickel-based alloys in PWR environments. They confi rmed some evidence of GB sliding after constant extension rate testing (CERT) in a mixed gas atmosphere of argon and hydrogen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold Work and Temperature Dependence of Stress Corrosion Crack Growth of Austenitic Stainless Steels in Hydrogenated and Oxygenated High-Temperature Water

Arioka¹,

Yamada²,

Terachi³

et al. 2007

CORROSION

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The rate of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) was measured for nonsensitized, cold-worked Type 316 (UNS S31600) and Type 304 (UNS S30400) in both hydrogenated pressurized water reactor (PWR) primary water and oxygenated water, each containing standard boron and lithium additions. First, the stress dependence of 5% to 20% cold-worked Type 316 (CW316) was determined in the PWR primary environment at 320°C. The rate of crack growth increased both with increasing cold work and stress intensity. Intergranular morphology was observed for 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% CW316. Second, the dependence of crack growth rates on temperature in the range from 250°C to 320°C were measured in both hydrogenated PWR primary and oxygenated water. More rapid crack growth rates were observed in oxygenated water than that in hydrogenated PWR water. The crack growth rates could be correlated with a 1/T dependence on temperature for both hydrogenated PWR primary and oxygenated water; apparent activation energies of crack growth were similar in both environments. To assess what appeared to be common dependencies on temperature and cold work in both hydrogenated and oxygenated water, grain boundary creep (GB creep) was studied in air using CW316; intergranular creep cracking (IG creep cracking) was observed after low-temperature creep tests in air. The apparent activation energy of IG creep cracking was similar to that of intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) in high-temperature water. The similar dependencies on temperature, cold work, and rolling direction of SCC and creep suggest that creep by grain boundary diffusion plays a critical role in the growth of SCC. The extent to which grain boundary diffusion interacts with other electrochemical processes is probably important but is not defi ned.

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“…Recently Was and his co-workers (8)(9)(10) performed a systematic study on the effect of P and other trace elements (C and B) on the microstructure, intergranular stress corrosion cracking, and creep resistance of Ni-Cr-Fe alloy 600. It was revealed that the addition of P to Ni-Cr-Fe alloy 600 improved the intergranular cracking resistance and creep resistance in Ar or high temperature water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Phosphorous on Mechanical Properties of Alloy 718

Cao¹,

Kennedy²

1994

Superalloys 718, 625, 706 and Various Derivatives (1994)

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Phosphorous is generally regarded as detrimental in Ni-base alloys; consequently most specifications restrict P to low levels (< 0.015%). The effect of P on the tensile, rupture, and hot workability of alloy 718 was investigated on product produced from VIM + VAR heats.Increasing P content from the 0.004%-0.009% range, typical of most commercial product, to 0.022% increased rupture life by 2 to 2.5 times at 649 o C. Other properties were not appreciably changed. Decreases in P content to levels as low as 0.0007% resulted in a severe loss of rupture life giving a total spread of more than one order of magnitude.Microstructural, Auger Electron Spectroscopic and SEM fractographic analyses were performed to explore the possible mechanism of the observed P effect. It is suggested that grain boundary segregation of P and P-dislocation interaction were responsible for the improvement in stress rupture properties. These effects were most pronounced in fine grained product and may, therefore, be helpful in resolving rupture/creep limitations in ultra-fine grained 718.

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Intergranular Cracking of Ni-16Cr-9Fe Alloys in High Temperature Water

Cited by 32 publications

References 3 publications

Influence of Carbide Precipitation and Rolling Direction on Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking of Austenitic Stainless Steels in Hydrogenated High-Temperature Water

Influence of Carbide Precipitation and Rolling Direction on Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking of Austenitic Stainless Steels in Hydrogenated High-Temperature Water

Cold Work and Temperature Dependence of Stress Corrosion Crack Growth of Austenitic Stainless Steels in Hydrogenated and Oxygenated High-Temperature Water

The Effect of Phosphorous on Mechanical Properties of Alloy 718

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